Association between periodontal diseases and systemic diseases

Abstract

Current evidence suggests that periodontal disease may be associated with systemic diseases. This paper reviewed the published data about the relationship between periodontal disease and cardiovascular diseases, adverse pregnancy outcomes, diabetes and respiratory diseases, focusing on studies conducted in the Brazilian population. Only a few studies were found in the literature focusing on Brazilians (3 concerning cardiovascular disease, 7 about pregnancy outcomes, 9 about diabetes and one regarding pneumonia). Although the majority of them observed an association between periodontitis and systemic conditions, a causal relationship still needs to be demonstrated. Further studies, particularly interventional well-designed investigations, with larger sample sizes, need to be conducted in Brazilian populations.

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“…Moreover, inflammatory cytokines, amongst others, IL-17 provide a viable link between periodontal disease and systemic disease [19]. Periodontal disease is also considered a risk factor for an assortment of systemic diseases ranging from exacerbated cardiovascular disease, to rheumatoid arthritis [19,45]. Understanding the degree to which VDR agonists are capable of regulating inflammatory cytokines involved in both oral and systemic diseases whilst enhancing the intracellular lysing capacity of cells of the immune system would thus be of great therapeutic significance in periodontal disease as well as a wide-range of systemic disease.…”

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