Scanning electron microscopic study of the in situ effect of salivary stimulation on erosion and abrasion in human and bovine enamel

Abstract

This in situ study investigated, using scanning electron microscopy, the effect of stimulated saliva on the enamel surface of bovine and human substrates submitted to erosion followed by brushing abrasion immediately or after one hour. During 2 experimental 7-day crossover phases, 9 previously selected volunteers wore intraoral palatal devices, with 12 enamel specimens (6 human and 6 bovine). In the first phase, the volunteers immersed the device for 5 minutes in 150 ml of a cola drink, 4 times a day (8h00, 12h00, 16h00 and 20h00). Immediately after the immersions, no treatment was performed in 4 specimens (ERO), 4 other specimens were immediately brushed (0 min) using a fluoride dentifrice and the device was replaced into the mouth. After 60 min, the other 4 specimens were brushed. In the second phase, the procedures were repeated but, after the immersions, the volunteers stimulated the salivary flow rate by chewing a sugar-free gum for 30 min. Enamel superficial alterations of all specimens were then evaluated using a scanning electron microscope. Enamel prism core dissolution was seen on the surfaces submitted to erosion, while on those submitted to erosion and to abrasion (both at 0 and 60 min) a more homogeneous enamel surface was observed, probably due to the removal of the altered superficial prism layer. For all the other variables -enamel substrate and salivary stimulation -, the microscopic pattern of the enamel specimens was similar.

Bovine teeth as substitute for human teeth in dental research: a review of literature

“…Therefore, 68 papers were included in the final review. The studies covered seven main categories: morphology (5 studies) (22)(23)(24)(25)(26), chemical composition (11 studies) (27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37), physical properties (12 studies) (38)(39)(40)(41)(42)(43)(44)(45)(46)(47)(48)(49), dental caries (7 studies) (6,9,(50)(51)(52)(53)(54), dental erosion/abrasion (10 studies) (55)(56)(57)(58)(59)(60)(61)(62)(63)(64), bonding/adhesive strength (17 studies) (65)(66)(67)(68)…”

“…Inconsistent data was found regarding the use of bovine substrates as an alternative to human teeth in dental caries studies. Table 2 illustrates the 10 studies reviewed in this category (55)(56)(57)(58)(59)(60)(61)(62)(63)(64). There were three in situ studies (55)(56)(57), and seven in vitro studies (58)(59)(60)(61)(62)(63)(64).…”

“…Table 2 illustrates the 10 studies reviewed in this category (55)(56)(57)(58)(59)(60)(61)(62)(63)(64). There were three in situ studies (55)(56)(57), and seven in vitro studies (58)(59)(60)(61)(62)(63)(64). Two in situ studies compared between human and bovine enamel (55,56); the other one compared enamel and dentin of human and bovine teeth (57 and bovine enamel (58)(59)(60)(61), whereas, the remaining three in vitro studies compared between human and bovine dentin (62)(63)(64).…”

“…There were three in situ studies (55)(56)(57), and seven in vitro studies (58)(59)(60)(61)(62)(63)(64). Two in situ studies compared between human and bovine enamel (55,56); the other one compared enamel and dentin of human and bovine teeth (57 and bovine enamel (58)(59)(60)(61), whereas, the remaining three in vitro studies compared between human and bovine dentin (62)(63)(64). Inconsistent outcomes were suggested regarding the use of bovine substrate as an alternative to human substrate in dental erosion/abrasion studies.…”

Wear performance of bovine tooth enamel against translucent tetragonal zirconia polycrystals after different surface treatments

“…Although numerous other materials have been used as substitutes for human enamel, antagonists for in vitro studies of wear performance have been investigated [14][15][16][17] . BTE is believed to be most suitable for in vitro wear testing by using substrate specimens with a flat surface for standardizing the antagonistic conditions and thus obtaining accurate quantification of wear resuluts 18) . In this study, a two-body wear test was used to evaluate abrader and substrate wear behavior consistent with previous studies 19,20) .…”