Corydoras ortegai, a new species of corydoradine catfish from the lower río Putumayo in Peru (Ostariophysi: Siluriformes: Callichthyidae)

Abstract

A new species of Corydoras, C. ortegai, is described from tributaries of the lower course of río Putumayo in Peru, close to the border with Brazil and Colombia. The new species seems to be related to Corydoras reynoldsi, C. weitzmani, C. panda, and C. tukano, all of which share a pattern composed of uniform light ground color on body, dark bar ("mask") across orbit, and one or two large rounded blotches midlaterally on trunk. Corydoras ortegai is easily distinguished from these species, except C. panda, mainly by the absence of a midlateral trunk blotch at the dorsal-fin level, and the rounded shape of the midlateral trunk blotch at the adipose-fin level. Corydoras ortegai differs from C. panda by its greater number of lateral body plates, lack of dorsal-fin blotch, scattered chromatophores surrounding midregion of cleithrum, caudal fin with series of small blotches restricted to rays, slenderer body, and narrower intercleithral area. Corydoras ortegai belongs to a putatively monophyletic assemblage of Corydoras that occurs mainly in the Western Amazon basin, C. tukano excepted. The occurrence of Corydoras tukano in the rio Tiquié (upper Negro basin) and its putative sister species, C. ortegai, in the western Amazon, together with similar distribution patterns shared by other groups of fishes, suggest a biogeographic relationship between these areas. Uma nova espécie de Corydoras, C. ortegai, é descrita de afluentes do baixo curso do río Putumayo no Peru, próximo a fronteira com o Brasil e Colômbia. A nova espécie parece estar relacionada a Corydoras reynoldsi, C. weitzmani, C. panda e C. tukano, as quais compartilham um padrão de colorido claro e uniforme no corpo, uma faixa escura ("máscara") através da órbita, e uma ou duas manchas grandes e arredondadas no corpo. Corydoras ortegai é facilmente distinta destas espécies, exceto C. panda, principalmente pela ausência de uma mancha lateral no corpo na altura da nadadeira dorsal, e a forma arredondada de uma mancha lateral na altura da nadadeira adiposa. Corydoras ortegai difere de C. panda pelo maior número de placas laterais no corpo, ausência de uma mancha dorsal, cromatóforos espalhados ao redor da região mediana do cleitro, nadadeira caudal com séries de pequenas manchas restritas aos raios, corpo mais delgado, e área entre os cleitros mais estreita. Corydoras ortegai é assinalada a um possível grupamento monofilético de Corydoras que ocorrem principalmente na bacia amazônica ocidental, exceto C. tukano. A ocorrência de Corydoras tukano no rio Tiquié (alto curso da bacia do rio Negro) e sua possível espécie irmã, C. ortegai, na Amazônia ocidental, associada a um padrão de distribuição semelhante compartilhado por outros grupos de peixes, sugerem uma relação biogeográfica entre estas áreas.

A new Corydoras Lacépède, 1803 (Siluriformes: Callichthyidae) from the rio São Francisco basin, Brazil

“…That character was not examined in the phylogenetic hypothesis proposed by Britto (2003). In fact, Corydoras still possess poorly known interrelations (Britto et al, 2007) and the presence of homoplastic color patterns (see Alexandrou et al, 2011) allied to the huge number of species makes the comprehension of the group systematic state difficult.…”

“…Currently the family harbors 197 valid species, grouped in eight genera (Britto, 2003;Britto et al, 2007;Eschmeyer, 2012). From that total, 156 species are included in Corydoras Lacépède, 1803, the most speciose genus of Siluriformes (Reis, 2003;Ferraris, 2007).…”

A new species of Corydoras Lacépède, 1803 (Siluriformes: Callichthyidae) from the upper rio Paraná basin, Brazil

“…Despite of some attempts performed in the last 40 years to elucidate the taxonomy and systematics of the group (e.g., Nijssen, 1970;Nijssen & Isbrücker, 1980;Britto, 2003;Alexandrou et al, 2011), interrelationships of Corydoras species are still poorly known (Britto et al, 2007). Currently, four valid Corydoras species could be recognized from upper rio Paraná basin: C. aeneus (Gill, 1858), C. difluviatilis Britto & Castro, 2002, C. ehrhardti Steindachner, 1910and C. flaveolus Ihering, 1911.…”

A new Corydoras Lacépède, 1803 (Siluriformes: Callichthyidae) from the rio Araguaia basin, Brazil, with comments about Corydoras araguaiaensis Sands, 1990

“…The family currently comprises more than 200 species, including Corydoras Lacépède, 1803, the most species-rich genus of Siluriformes, with more than 170 valid species (Reis, 2003;Eschmeyer, 2015). Since the 1940's, many efforts to understand the taxonomy and phylogenetic relationships of the species of Corydoras have been made (e.g., Gosline, 1940;Nijssen & Isbrücker, 1980;Britto, 2003;Alexandrou et al, 2011), however, the knowledge of interrelations among Corydoras species is still poorly known (Britto et al, 2007).…”