Cruciglanis, a new genus of Pseudopimelodid catfish (Ostariophysi: Siluriformes) with description of a new species from the Colombian Pacific coast

Abstract

pacifici, gen. et sp. nov., is described from the Dagua and Anchicaya Rivers on the Pacific slope of Colombia. The new genus is differentiated from the other genera in the family by the presence of an ossified crucifix-shaped second basibranchial; ectopterygoid bone shaped as an inverted comma, with its distal end narrow and directed medially towards the mesopterygoid; anterior fontanel elongated, reaching a transverse line at sensory canal opening of the sphenotic bone; caudal fin emarginated with rounded edges and ventral lobe more developed than the dorsal lobe; caudal fin with a dark spot from its base and fused with the peduncular spot, covering the anterior three quarters of its length, distal rim totally hyaline. Coloration of the species is described in vivo, and the shared diagnostic characters with the other genera within the Pseudopimelodidae are discussed. The phylogenetic position of the new genus is proposed and new insights in the family interrelationships are presented.Cruciglanis pacifici, um novo gênero e espécie de Pseudopimelodídeo, é descrito para a bacia dos rios Dagua e Anchicaya na vertente do Pacífico colombiano. O novo gênero é diferenciado dos outros gêneros da família pela presença do segundo basibranquial ossificado em forma de cruz, osso ectocterigoide em forma de vírgula invertida, com o extremo posterior estreito e dirigido medialmente ao mesopterigóide; fontanela anterior alongada alcançando a altura da sua linha na horizontal a abertura do canal sensorial do osso esfenótico; nadadeira caudal emarginada com as suas bordas arredondadas e o lóbulo inferior mais desenvolvido do que o superior, nadadeira caudal com uma mancha escura desde sua base e fusionada à mancha peduncular, abrangendo as três primeiras quartas partes do seu comprimento, borda posterior hialina. Descreve-se a coloração da espécie in vivo, e os caracteres diagnósticos compartilhados com os demais gêneros da família Pseudopimelodidae são discutidos. A posição filogenética do novo gênero é proposta e, adicionalmente, uma nova hipótese de interrelações filogenéticas da família é apresentada.

A new genus of Neotropical rheophilic catfishes, with four new species (Teleostei: Siluriformes: Pseudopimelodidae)

“…Most recently, Birindelli, Shibatta (2011) presented two alternative phylogenetic hypotheses based on gas bladder features. These partly corroborate Ortega-Lara, Lehmann's (2006) hypothesis if the Pimelodidae is designated as outgroup. When, however, the outgroup is the Heptapteridae, the obtained relationships are most similar to Shibatta's (1998) hypothesis, including incomplete resolution of intergeneric relationships.…”

“…Various new combinations for the species were proposed as authors grappled with issues of generic limits. Lundberg et al (1991a) made progress in addressing this problem; however, the discovery of new genera by Ortega-Lara, Lehmann (2006) and herein along with the series of new species of Rhyacoglanis described in this paper demonstrates that this family still contains many taxa not yet discovered. The intraspecific variation in some Rhyacoglanis species, the limited available material of the genus, the major gaps in the known distribution of the genus, and the problems in collecting in the high energy settings preferred by these rheophilic species make it very likely that species of the genus remain undiscovered; a situation common for the Neotropical ichthyofauna (Vari, Malabarba, 1998).…”

“…In most species of Pseudopimelodidae, the second basibranchial lacks lateral extensions as in the outgroup, whereas it is cruciform in Cruciglanis (Ortega-Lara, Lehmann, 2006). 21.…”

“…Shibatta (2003b) later presented one of the equally most parsimonious trees wherein Pseudopimelodus is sister of Microglanis + Batrochoglanis and Cephalosilurus + Lophiosilurus. Ortega-Lara, Lehmann (2006) added characters to Shibatta's (1998) matrix yielding a more resolved intrafamilial phylogeny, but in which Cephalosilurus and Lophiosilurus are sister to all other genera. Most recently, Birindelli, Shibatta (2011) presented two alternative phylogenetic hypotheses based on gas bladder features.…”

A new glanapterygine catfish of the genus Listrura (Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae) from southeastern Brazil, corroborated by morphological and molecular data

“…6c) is very similar to that described and used as diagnostic character for Stauroglanis gouldingi de Pinna, also observed from a single CS specimen (MZUSP 30411, paratype;de Pinna, 1989). The genus Cruciglanis Ortega-Lara & Lehmann (Pseudopimelodidae) also displays a crucifix-shaped basibranchial element, but it is relatively different from Stauroglanis as discussed by Ortega-Lara & Lehmann (2006). Another pseudopimelodid, Microglanis pataxo Martins-Pinheiro, Aranda & Chamon, shows a crucifixshaped basibranchial element, however it is fully cartilaginous (Sarmento-Soares et al, 2006: fig.…”