Coaching leadership: leaders' and followers' perception assessment questionnaires in nursing

Abstract

Objective:To describe the development, content analysis, and reliability of two questionnaires to assess the perception of nurse leaders, nurse technicians, and licensed practical nurses – coached in the practice of leadership and the relation with the dimensions of the coaching process.Methods:This was a methodological study with a quantitative and qualitative approach, which had the goal of instrumentation in reference to the construction and validation of measuring instruments. The instrument proposition design was based on the literature on leadership, coaching, and assessment of psychometric properties, subjected to content validation as to clarity, relevance, and applicability in order to validate the propositions through the consensus of judges, using the Delphi technique, in 2010. The final version of the questionnaires was administered to 279 nurses and 608 nurse technicians and licensed practical nurses, at two university hospitals and two private hospitals.Results:The Cronbach's alpha value with all items of the self-perception instrument was very high (0.911). The team members' instrument of perception showed that for all determinants and for each dimension of the coaching process, Cronbach's overall alpha value (0.952) was considered quite high, pointing to a very strong consistency of the scale. Confirmatory analysis showed that the models were well adjusted.Conclusion:From the statistical validation we compared the possibility of reusing the questionnaires for other study samples, because there was evidence of reliability and applicability.

A utilização de instrumentos para avaliação da liderança nos serviços de saúde e enfermagem

“…in general, four with nurses and nursing technicians and a few described investigations with a mix of nurses and other professionals. Nineteen instruments were identified to evaluate leadership: Authentic Leadership Questionnaire (ALQ) (five papers) (51)(52)(53)(54)(55) ; Charismatic Leadership Socialized Scale (one paper) (39) ; Clinical Leadership Survey (CLS) (one paper) (25) ; the Coaching tool (two papers) (41)(42) ; Scale of attitudes toward leadership styles (one paper) (33) ; the 360º tool (one paper) (40) ; Global Transformational Leadership Scale (three papers) (56)(57)(58) ; Grid Gerencial (one paper) (43) ; Leadership Effectiveness and Adaptability Description (LEAD) (two papers) (49)(50) ; LMX-Leader-member Exchange (two papers) (46)(47) ; Leadership Practices Inventory (LPI) (six papers) (21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26) ; Leadership Reward and Punishment Behavior Questionnaire (LRPQ) (one paper) (33) ; Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ) (eleven papers) (27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37) ; Multisource Feedback Tool (MSF) (one paper) (44) ; the Quantum tool (one paper) (38) ; Servant Leadership Questionnaire (SLQ) (one paper) (48) ; Servant Leadership Survey (SLS) (two papers) …”

“…The styles/models/theories of leadership found in the selected materials were: transformational leadership (21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(56)(57)(58) , cited in 20 papers; transactional leadership (27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37) , in 11 papers; situational leadership (41)(42)(49)(50) , in four papers; servant leadership (45)(46)48) , in three papers; authentic leadership (51)(52)(53)(54)(55) , in five papers; quantum leadership (38) , in one paper; charismatic leadership (39) , in one paper; and clinical leadership (25,44) , in two papers. Three studies did not mention a specific style/model/theory …”

“…The following instruments were identified for situational leadership: LEAD (49)(50) , Grid Gerencial (43) and the Coaching tool (41)(42) . This type of leadership is centered in the leader, the subordinates and the situation; the main approaches are Fiedler's model, the Hersey-Blanchard situational theory and Robert House's path-goal leadership theory.…”

A Liderança Coaching Exercida Pelos Enfermeiros No Contexto Hospitalar

“…Pode servir como qualificadora do papel desempenhado pelo enfermeiro nas organizações, de maneira a garantir como produto final a assistência de qualidade aos pacientes (14) . As dimensões do processo coaching são: comunicação, dar e receber feedback, dar poder e exercer influência e apoiar a equipe ao alcance de metas (12,15) .…”

Liderança do enfermeiro e sua relação com o ambiente de trabalho hospitalar

“…These aspects were also found in other studies. (13) This result may be explained by the fact of the study setting being a teaching hospital, where nursing students remain to pursue their careers. Newly graduated professionals need to face this challenge that is, to lead a more experienced average-level work group.…”