Spatial analysis of leishmaniasis in Brazil: a systematized review

Abstract

The aim of this study was to perform a systematic review of scientific papers that used spatial analysis tools in cases of leishmaniasis, in Brazil. The search for articles was carried out in PubMed, SciELO, Scopus and Web of Science databases. The keywords used in the identification of the articles were Thematic map AND Leishmaniasis, Spatial analysis AND Leishmaniasis, and Geoprocessing AND Leishmaniasis, in English language. A total of 360 articles were found, and 11 of them were analyzed after screening by title and abstract as well as reading of the full articles. The States studied were Sao Paulo, Acre, Maranhao, Piaui, Minas Gerais, Parana and Tocantins. Cutaneous leishmaniasis occurred predominantly in rural areas, with clusters in forest reserve regions or modified forest areas. Conversely, visceral leishmaniasis mainly occurred in peripheral and central urban areas associated with poorer environments and urban infrastructure, including worse sanitation. We conclude that the spatial distribution of leishmaniasis is closely related to the living environment of the risk population. The analyzed articles associated geospatial data with some risk factors for the disease, pointing out the locations where most cases occur, creating a relevant source to define control strategies.

Epidemiological and diagnostic aspects of feline leishmaniasis with emphasis on Brazil: a narrative review

“…Unlike CL, which has a greater prevalence in rural areas, in Brazil, VL occurs predominantly in peripheral areas of urban centers, associated with environments with poor infrastructure and extremely poor sanitation conditions (Marchi et al 2019). However, modified disease dynamics in recent years, because of geographic and environmental changes, has resulted in the advancement of VL into areas previously free of the disease, mainly in rural regions of Brazil (Reis et al 2017).…”

Ensino-Pesquisa-Extensão Na Formação Integral - Experiências Do Curso De Oceanografia Da Universidade Do Vale Do Itajaí

“…A LT já foi descrita em diversas espécies de animais silvestres, sinantrópicos e domésticos. Diferentemente do que é descrito na LV, cão doméstico não é considerado reservatório das espécies de Leishmania causadoras de LT. Antes considerada uma doença de animais silvestres e ocasionalmente de pessoas em contato com florestas, a LT atualmente tem ocorrência crescente em zonas rurais, áreas de desmatamento e regiões periurbanas brasileiras (BRASIL, 2019b;MARCHI, et al, 2019).…”

American cutaneous leishmaniasis associated with degradation of native forest, regardless of economic, social and infrastructure vulnerability

“…The study of spatio-temporal dispersion and epidemiological patterns of diseases is important for understanding the dynamics of these diseases. In the case of ACL in Brazil, the knowledge produced by the present study can assist in the design of prevention, surveillance and control strategies, making possible to monitor territorial units of epidemiological significance and vulnerability (Cardoso et al, 2019;Marchi et al, 2019); therefore, contributing to the Ministry of Health's Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Surveillance Program (Brasil, 2017).…”