Prenatal and neonatal variables associated with enamel hypoplasia in deciduous teeth in low birth weight preterm infants

Abstract

This study investigated possible prenatal and neonatal variables that may influence the prevalence of tooth enamel hypoplasia in preterm and low birth weight children (LBW) and a matched control group of term children with normal birth weight (NBW). The study sample consisted of 61 children born preterm and with LBW examined at 18-34 months of age. The control group was formed by 61 infants born full term and with NBW examined at 31-35 months of age. All children were born at the Center of Integrated Attention of Women's Health (CAISM-UNICAMP). FDI criteria were followed for dental examination. Medical data was collected retrospectively from hospital records. Among preterms, 57.4% had some type of developmental defects of enamel (DDE), 52.5 % had opacities and 21.3 % presented hypoplasia. Among full-term children, 24.6% presented DDE, 24.6% had opacities and 3.3% had hypoplasia. LBW preterm infants presented a higher prevalence of hypoplasia than NBW controls. The deciduous teeth most affected by hypoplasia were maxillary incisors. There was no significant association with prenatal variables; among neonatal variables there was a significant association with respiratory distress syndrome and neurological examination at discharge with an altered result.

Dental Caries and Developmental Defects of Enamel in the Primary Dentition of Preterm Infants: Case-Control Observational Study

“…This heterogeneity might be due to socioeconomic differences between the study populations or to the study design. The prevalence of DDE in the PTI-G was within the upper range reported in the literature [Oliveira et al, 2006;Franco et al, 2007;Correa-Faria et al, 2013;Masumo et al, 2013;Alkhtib et al, 2016;Wagner, 2016]. The high occurrence of DDE in the PTI-G (65.6%) is consistent with previous comparative studies from Brazil and Spain [Lunardelli and Peres, 2006;Velló et al, 2010;Cruvinel et al, 2012] but higher than in a German local cohort study, where 20.0% of PTI suffered from DDE [Wagner, 2016].…”

“…The specific mechanisms of dental caries occurrence in children with early respiratory problems are probably related to mouth breathing and DDE. Associations between respiratory infections and DDE have been reported [Franco et al, 2007] and it has been explained that an oxygen deficit may alter the ameloblastic cell function [Cruvinel et al, 2012], resulting in enamel defects. Furthermore, orotracheal intubation and assisted ventilation have been associated with hypoplasia [Aine et al, 2000;Velló et al, 2010].…”

Defeitos de esmalte não fluoróticos em crianças: aspectos clínicos e epidemiológicos

“…O baixo peso ao nascer das crianças foi associado com a maior prevalência de DDE em relação àquelas que apresentaram peso normal ao nascimento 2,6,8,36 . Em relação ao baixo peso do recém--nascido, alguns estudos observaram que os defeitos de esmalte mais encontrados foram as opacidades demarcadas nos incisivos e molares 16,36,37 .…”

“…Em relação ao baixo peso do recém--nascido, alguns estudos observaram que os defeitos de esmalte mais encontrados foram as opacidades demarcadas nos incisivos e molares 16,36,37 .…”

Melketenner som biomarkører i epidemiologisk forskning

“…Utviklingsdefekter kan observeres i melketenner både som hypoplasier og som hypomineraliserte områder i vevet [50,51]. Årsaken til disse forandringene er ikke fullstendig klarlagt, men underernaering, sykdomstilstander, prematur fødsel og eksponering overfor miljø-gifter er foreslått [10,11,52].…”