Phenology, vegetative growth, and yield performance of fig in Southeastern Brazil

Abstract

The objective of this work was to evaluate the phenological patterns, vegetative growth, and yield characteristics of fig (Ficus carica)varieties in Southeastern Brazil. The 'Roxo de Valinhos', White Genova, PI-189, and Troyano varieties were distributed in a randomized complete block design and evaluated in the field. The following characteristics were assessed: number of days between pruning and the beginning of sprouting; leaf chlorophyll content; number of shoots on each branch; length, diameter, and number of internodes on each branch; number of leaves per plant; leaf area; number of fruit per plant; mass, length, and diameter of fruit; production and yield; and duration (days) of each phenological stage, such as thermal requirement models. 'Roxo de Valinhos' and White Genova sprouted the fastest and showed the largest number of shoots. Troyano obtained the greatest branch length and diameter, as well as the greatest number of fruit per plant, which had the shortest diameter and length and the lowest mass of fruit. Furthermore, Troyano showed the latest harvest, besides the thermal requirement of 4,577.31 degree-days. 'Roxo de Valinhos' and White Genova produced fruit with the greatest average mass and diameter and the longest length. Troyano shows better vegetative growth and produces more fruit per plant than 'Roxo de Valinhos', but both genotypes show similar yields.

Chilling and forcing requirement of five international fig cultivars grown in Southeastern Brazil

“…Furthermore, Troyano cv. had the highest starch contents in both cycles (Figure 2B), which maybe explains the greatest vegetative vigour and the largest branch diameter (Ferraz et al, 2020). Fig cultivars might have high starch content whether they were well-adapted to the region, since they will show more vigour and resistance to diseases, since accumulated starch in reserve tissues will be required during dormancy period, as well as to begin a new growth cycle.…”

“…Regarding to Brown Turkey cv., there was a quadratic reduction in POD activity up to 97 CH. Finally, CH did not significantly affect the averages in White Genova cv., probably because this cultivar was originated in the Northern Italy, with high chill but was selected by breeding programs in Brazil, aiming at a low chill requirement (Ferraz et al, 2020).…”

“…Troyano cv. has a great potential to be introduced, since this cultivar is a feasible alternative to incorporate diversity into the Brazilian fig orchards (Ferraz et al, 2020). This cultivar presents longer harvest interval when compared to Roxo de Valinhos cv., since fruits accumulate carbohydrates during their development, which allow harvest marketable fruits after the end of traditional figs production in the subtropical regions.…”

“…This cultivar presents longer harvest interval when compared to Roxo de Valinhos cv., since fruits accumulate carbohydrates during their development, which allow harvest marketable fruits after the end of traditional figs production in the subtropical regions. The characterization of Troyano, as a late cultivar, has enabled the diversification of figs cultivars; whose have different ripening stages (Ferraz et al, 2020). Overall, fig cultivars presented higher total sugars contents in relation to starch contents in 2017, except of Troyano cv.…”

Varietal Comparison of Fig (Ficus carica L.) under Climatic Conditions of Soan Valley

“…This ancient fruit has been known to mankind for more than 5000 years (Owino et al, 2006;Hossain and Boyce, 2009). Turkey, Egypt, Morocco, Algeria and Iran are prominent fig-producing countries in the Mediterranean region (Ferraz et al, 2020). In the world, Turkey is the largest fig producing country having 306,499 tons of total yields from 51,389 hectares (FAO, 2018).…”