Alometria de Caryocar brasiliense (Caryocaraceae) em diferentes fisionomias do Parque Estadual da Serra de Caldas Novas, GO

Abstract

The relationship between size and shape in trees is important for understanding adaptive differences of species. Variations in these characteristics reflect the environmental conditions they are exposed to, being a response to the particular stress experienced by these individuals. Within this context, the present study aimed to analyze the allometric relation of two populations of Caryocar brasiliense Camb, present in two different physiognomies (cerradão and cerrado stricto sensu) of the Parque Estadual da Serra de Caldas Novas (PESCAN), located in the State of Goiás. Within each researched environment 30 individuals of C. brasiliense with diameter larger or equal to 15 cm from 30 cm up ground were sampled. The diameter from 30 cm up ground (DAS 30 ), the breast height diameter (DAP), total height and shaft height was recorded to each individual. For the correct analysis of this data, different models of regression were set. We found that the relation DAP/ DAS between the two environments were distinct, revealing a variation in the shape of the stem between the two environments. In the cerrado s.s. the trees presented a more conic shape, whilst in the cerradão, a more cylindrical stem was observed. Trees of C. brasiliense in the cerradão presented larger total height and shaft height than those of the cerrado s.s. due to, among other reasons, the competition for light in the environment. The occurrence of taller individuals suggests a larger investment in the vertical growth as a way of escape from the adverse conditions of the environment. The fact that individuals of Caryocar brasiliense adjust themselves to distinct allometric models, within each environment, suggests that the ecological factors may have a restrictive role in the allometry of this species.

<i>Trema micrantha <?I>(L.) Blume. IN PLANTATIONS FOR ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION: EARLY DEVELOPMENT IN THE BRAZILIAN SUBTROPICAL FOREST

“…Costa et al (2012) observed that increasing the density of tree vegetation contributed to increase competition of the canopy for light. Siqueira (2006), verified that competition of the crown by light favors the development of the higher branches in detriment of the lower ones. On the other hand, Costa et al (2012) observed that the decrease of the density of the tree vegetation facilitated the penetration of light, making possible the existence of lower live branches.…”

Differences in allometry and population structure between native and invasive populations of a tropical tree

“…The more-than-geometric growth indicates an even faster growth during the juvenile stage within the native range, where the incidence of light under the canopy is lower than within the invaded range. Other studies have also shown changes in the allometry of the same species growing in different vegetation types, such as forests and savannahs (Archibald & Bond 2003;Siqueira 2006). We propose that, in the native range, light is Figure 3 Logarithmic distribution of frequencies for each ontogenetic stage of S. parahyba.…”

“…Allometric variation between height and diameter usually follows one of three main models: (1) geometric similarity (allometric coefficient = 1), with diameter and height increasing proportionally (King 1990;Niklas 1995;Olesen 2001;Silveira et al 2012), which serves as a null model of tree proportions, thus, not related to any mechanical principle (King 2011); (2) elastic similarity (coefficient = 0.67) where the diameter is just large enough to prevent falling or bending resulting from the individual's weight (McMahon 1973;McMahon & Kronauer 1976); and (3) stress similarity (coefficient = 0.5) where the physical stress resulting from the constant action of wind and weight of the plant (Dean & Long 1986) is evenly distributed along the trunk's height (McMahon & Kronauer 1976). Individual tree species may exhibit different height/trunk allometries in different environments (Archibald & Bond 2003;Weiner 2004;Siqueira 2006;Harja et al 2012), and the ability to be plastic for allometry may be important for the survival and spread of an introduced tree species across different environments, because allometry changes may result in an increase in fitness (Chun et al 2007) and/or in homeostasis (Davidson et al 2011).…”

Influence of diameter measuring height on the adjustment of volume and biomass equations of cerrado in minas gerais

“…However, Abdala et al (1998); Vale et al (2002); Vale and Felfili (2005); Medeiros et al (2008); Crespilho and Schiavini (2009) ;Lima et al (2010);Carvalho (2011);Mews;Marimon and Maracahipes (2011);Paiva et al (2011) and Ribeiro et al (2012) worked with the diameter measured at 0.30 meters from the soil (DAS 1 ). Castro and Kauffman (1998) and Siqueira (2006) used both measurement heights in their work.…”