O conhecimento da silvicultura de espécies nativas em determinada região é fundamental para a escolha de espécies mais adequadas à utilização em plantios de restauração ecológica. Trema micrantha (Cannabaceae), espécie pioneira de ampla distribuição geográfica, sombreadora e atrativa de avifauna, é intensivamente plantada em projetos de restauração da Mata Atlântica na região sudeste brasileira. A fim de se obter informações referentes à atuação desta espécie em florestas subtropicais sujeitas às geadas anuais, analisou-se o seu crescimento inicial na região sudoeste do estado do Paraná, sul do Brasil. Em um plantio realizado com 70 espécies arbóreas nativas sob espaçamento 3 x 2 m em quatro parcelas de 40 x 54 m, coletaram-se dados semestrais de 72 indivíduos de Trema micrantha. Os dados foram analisados estatisticamente utilizando o software Assistat-beta, submetido ao teste de Tukey (p<0.05) e descritos graficamente através do software R. Trema micrantha apresentou excelente desempenho aos 3,5 anos de idade com diâmetro de colo (12,01±5,24 cm), altura total (5,95±1,44 m), área de projeção de copa (22,56 ±11,26 m²) e volume de copa (61,34 ± 37,46 m³), suportando severas geadas anuais com sobrevivência de 78%. Baseando-se nos resultados obtidos e considerando que se trata de uma espécie de ampla distribuição natural, seu uso extensivo é também recomendado em projetos de restauração florestal em regiões subtropicais do Brasil.
The initial growth of three Brazilian native timber species in the city of Dois Vizinhos-PR, Brazil, was described - Araucaria angustifolia, Balfourodendron riedelianum, and Parapiptadenia rigida, using four non-linear mathematical models (Gompertz, Logistic, Logistic 4P, and Chapman-Richards). In the first 4 years after planting, information about collar diameter (mm), total height (m), crown height (m), and crown diameter (m) was obtained twice a year for 12 individuals per species. Crown area (m²) and crown volume (m³) were estimated. The growth in these four variables (collar diameter, total height, crown area, and crown volume) was projected using the models, and their fitting was assessed based on the values of the Akaike Information Criterion, the Bayesian Information Criterion, the standard error of estimate, and the coefficient of determination. The models generated excellent statistics for all parameters in all variables, with better statistics for collar diameter (coefficient of determination higher than 0.65 and standard error lower than 30%) and total height (coefficients of determination higher than 0.72 and standard error lower than 37%). Considering the three species, Parapiptadenia rigida showed the fastest growth in all variables (median of 70.97 mm for collar diameter, median of 4.475 m for total height, median of 10.35 m² for crown area, and median of 15.30 m³ for crown volume at 48 months). Longer monitoring periods in this and other experiments are recommended to characterize the growth of these three Brazilian native timber species to adequately describe their performance in timber and forest restoration projects.
The increasing use of geospatial information from satellites and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) has been contributing to significant growth in the availability of instruments and methodologies for data acquisition and analysis. For better management of vineyards (and most crops), it is crucial to access the spatial-temporal variability. This knowledge throughout the vegetative cycle of any crop is crucial for more efficient management, but in the specific case of viticulture, this knowledge is even more relevant. Some research studies have been carried out in recent years, exploiting the advantage of satellite and UAV data, used individually or in combination, for crop management purposes. However, only a few studies explore the multi-temporal use of these two types of data, isolated or synergistically. This research aims to clearly identify the most suitable data and strategies to be adopted in specific stages of the vineyard phenological cycle. Sentinel-2 data from two vineyard plots, located in the Douro Demarcated Region (Portugal), are compared with UAV multispectral data under three distinct conditions: considering the whole vineyard plot; considering only the grapevine canopy; and considering inter-row areas (excluding all grapevine vegetation). The results show that data from both platforms are able to describe the vineyards’ variability throughout the vegetative growth but at different levels of detail. Sentinel-2 data can be used to map vineyard soil variability, whilst the higher spatial resolution of UAV-based data allows diverse types of applications. In conclusion, it should be noted that, depending on the intended use, each type of data, individually, is capable of providing important information for vineyard management.
Tropical trees planting resurgent in a global warming scenario, and this activity relies on information about forest species ecology and its different functional traits. we evaluated the initial performance of Mimosa scabrella using the Generalized Linear Models (GLM) technique to fit mathematical models for collar diameter growth x height, and for crown projection area x collar diameter in a forest restoration planting. The following variables were obtained in the first four years after planting: collar diameter (mm), total height (m), crown projection area (m²) and crown volume (m³). The models fitting was performed by GLM on Gamma, Normal and Poisson distribution, identity and logarithmical join function, and they were analyzed based on Akaike and Bayesian Information Criteria, standard deviation of the estimate and determination coefficient. M. scabrella showed an excelled performance on the 48 months of age, with average increment of 200.28 mm in collar diameter, 6.88 m in total height, 2.95 m² in crown projection area and 83.41 m³ in crown volume. Its growth reduced only on periods of frost occurrence, but it restarted after these climatic events. The species growth, as well as its high survival rates and resprouting, allow its recommendation as a shady species of fast canopy fulfillment in forest restoration projects.
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