Diversidade de ácaros (Arachnida: Acari) em Coffea arabica L. cv. Mundo Novo, nos municípios de Jeriquara e Garça, Estado de São Paulo

Abstract

The objective of this study was to characterize the diversity of mites on coffee plants of the Mundo Novo cultivar in two important coffee producing areas (Jeriquara and Garça) in the state of São Paulo. Samples of leaves, branches and fruits were fortnightly collected, from April 2001 to June 2003, from the middle third of 10 plants randomly taken from each field. Twelve leaves (each leaf from the third or forth pair from the distal part of each branch), 12 branches (apical 25 cm) and 100 fruits. A total of 13,052 specimens were collected in the two studied places, 7,155 in Jeriquara and 5,897 in Garça. From a total of 108 mite species collected from coffee plants in this study, forty five species were collected in both studied fields, which presented 56% of similarity. The number of species found exclusively in Jeriquara (47) was approximately three times higher than the number of species observed only in Garça (16). For Jeriquara, the diversity of mites on surface of leaves, as well as in domatia, and on branches and fruits was higher than for Garça. In both studied areas, Brevipalpus phoenicis (Geijskes, 1939) and Oligonychus ilicis (McGregor 1919) were the most abundant and frequent phytophagous mite species. Stigmaeids and phytoseiids were the most abundant and frequent predaceous mites in both localities.

Caracterização morfológica e classificação da superfície foliar de pimentas quanto à presença de tricomas e domácias

“…Estruturas como domácias, constituídas por cavidades ou tufos de pêlos (tricomas) nas junções entre nervura principal e secundária na face abaxial das folhas de diversas espécies de plantas (Lundströem, 1887), beneficiam a ocorrência e manutenção de ácaros predadores e fungívoros nas mesmas, disponibilizando locais de oviposição e abrigo contra condições adversas na superfície das folhas ou contra seus inimigos naturais, ou ainda, aumentando sua sobrevivência (Roda et al, 2000;Norton et al, 2001;Matos et al, 2004). Além disso, podem ter efeito negativo indireto sobre os herbívoros por propiciar a manutenção de seus inimigos naturais nas plantas, através da presença dessas estruturas (Matos et al, 2004;Mineiro et al, 2006).…”

The predatory mite Phytoseiulus macropilis (Acari: Phytoseiidae) occurring on sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) plants in Diamantina, Minas Gerais State, Brazil

“…The occurrence of these predators has already been recorded in other cities and plants, such as Lavras (Minas Gerais state, Brazil) on citrus (var. Valência) (Reis et al, 2000), in Jeriquara and Garça cities (São Paulo state, Brazil) on Coffea arabica L. cv Mundo Novo plants (Mineiro et al, 2006) and in Rio Grande do Sul state (Brazil) on soybean (Roggia et al, 2009) and strawberry plants (Ferla et al, 2007). In conclusion, this predatory mite has a potential as natural enemy that can be used to control phytophagous mites on sweet potato plants and until now is the only natural enemy recorded on this crop.…”

Biological Control of Southern Red Mite, <i>Oligonychus ilicis</i> (Acari: Tetranychidae), in Coffee Plants

“…Releases of the predatory mites A. herbicolus and E. alatus efficiently reduced O. ilicis populations on greenhouse-grown and the strategy of the conservative biological control in the field coffee growing is also essential for implementing the southern red mite integrated management tactic, since this species is of natural occurrence in coffee plants, as already reported in the literature [13] [14] [15]. In addition, considering the main control method adopted by the coffee producers, i.e., the use of plant protection products, those products that present some type of selectivity might be prioritized, which would maintain predatory mites that are natural enemies of the southern red mite.…”

“…At the levels of 15 and 120 pest mite per leaf tested, the rate of photosynthesis was reduced to 37% and 50%, re- however, a variation in species type and quantity may occur according to the coffee-growing region and time of the year [13]. Another phytoseiid, Euseius concordis (Chant), is also a substantially abundant species in coffee plants in the states of São Paulo and Minas Gerais [14] [15].…”