Força muscular, níveis séricos de testosterona e de ureia em jogadores de futebol submetidos à periodização ondulatória

Abstract

The aim of this study is to evaluate the muscle strength and basal serum testosterone and urea levels in soccer athletes. Twenty-four soccer players in pre-competitive period had a blood sample collected to have testosterone and urea concentrations analyzed. Subsequently, 1RM tests were applied to the bench press and squat exercises. After data collection, the athletes were randomly divided in two groups submitted to: non-linear periodization program (G1) and non-periodized program (G2), both for 12 weeks. ANOVA for repeated measures showed increase in serum testosterone concentration in G1 (∆ = 3.70 ng/dl; p = 0.0001) and in G2 (∆ = 1.81 ng/dl; p = 0.035) and reduction in urea levels only in G1 (∆ = -3.08mg%; p = 0.0001). G1 presented higher levels of testosterone (∆ = 2.13 ng/dl; p = 0.009) and lower levels of urea (∆ = -1.36mg%; p = 0.026) in the post-test when compared to G2. 1RM tests did not show significant differences. The non-linear training in soccer players was more effective than the non-periodized training in promoting increase in serum testosterone levels and reduction in urea levels.

Resistance Exercise Protocol Does Not Cause Acute Genotoxic Effects in Trained Individuals

“…The study shows a small reduction of post-training urea and a slightly greater reduction five hours after the training session, suggesting that exercise had an inhibitory effect on proteolysis, lower muscle protein depletion, as the concentration of nitrogen residues in the plasma is indicative of muscle protein degradation. The result found is consistent with those of the study by Pacobahyba et al, 15 of Uchida et al 16 and Carvalho et al 17 Glucose concentration analysis showed no statistically significant difference between the samples. The small reduction presented may be related to its use during exercise in the post-training recovery period.…”

Psychophysiological Stress Markers During Preseason Among Elite Female Soccer Players

“…However, the anabolic/catabolic balance was not altered because there was no significant difference found in the T/ C ratio. Some studies reported an increase in testosterone plasma concentration (21,36), whereas others showed that strenuous efforts cause a rise in the plasmatic concentration of cortisol and, as a consequence, decreases in the T/C ratio (8,42). A decrease equal or greater than 30% in the T/C ratio indicates incomplete recovery, residual fatigue, and impaired competitive performance (14).…”