Yo-Yo IR2 test e teste de margaria: validade, confiabilidade e obtenção da frequência cardíaca máxima em jogadores jovens de futebol

Abstract

Os objetivos do presente estudo foram: i) avaliar a validade de constructo do Yo-Yo Intermittente Recovery Test Level 2 (Yo-Yo IR2) e do teste de Margaria (TM) com o desempenho em alta intensidade de exercício durante jogos oficiais em jogadores de futebol; ii) verificar a confiabilidade (teste-reteste) dos dois testes; iii) comparar os valores da frequência cardíaca máxima (FCM) obtida nesses protocolos e em jogo. Dezoito jogadores (média ± DP; idade 14 ± 0,8 anos, estatura 172 ± 9cm, peso 64,3 ± 8,5kg) pertencentes à mesma equipe foram avaliados em teste-reteste nos referidos protocolos e no percentual de tempo de permanência acima de 85% da FCM individual (PTP>85%FCM) em dois jogos oficiais do Campeonato Mineiro Infantil. Uma alta correlação foi encontrada entre o desempenho no Yo-Yo IR2 e PTP>85%FCM (rs = 0,71; p < 0,05). Não houve correlação estatisticamente significante entre o desempenho no TM e PTP>85%FCM (rs = 0,44; p = 0,06). O Yo-Yo IR2 se mostrou mais variável e menos reprodutível (CV = 11%; CCI [95% IC] = 0,38) do que TM (CV = 1%; CCI [95% IC] = 0,93). O maior valor de FCM (p < 0,001) ocorreu no jogo (202 ± 8bpm). A FCM no Yo-Yo IR2 (194 ± 4bpm) foi menor (p < 0,006) do que TM (197 ± 6bpm). Conclui-se que o Yo-Yo IR2 pode ser considerado mais válido para predizer a manutenção de alta intensidade de exercício em jogo que é uma importante medida de desempenho no futebol. Porém, há necessidade de padronização rigorosa entre os procedimentos de avaliação para estabilidade da medida. A FCM deve ser observada em diversas situações, principalmente competitiva, para possibilitar que ocorra o maior valor individual.

Physical fitness of amateur paddle players: comparisons between different competitive levels

“…Regarding the main correlations between variables, it seems that the positive value between HRmax and distance in the YOYOIR1 among men results from the fact that these male athletes exhibit better physical fitness and, therefore, achieve higher HR until exhaustion in the test (Bangsbo et al, 2008). Data from the present study corroborate Silva et al (2011), who found a high correlation (r = 0.71) between Yo-Yo IR2 and HRmax in soccer players. However, as shown in the last panel ( figure 3, panel D), the women did not present a significant correlation (r = 0.01), and the distance reached by them may have been insufficient to reach HRmax, and this can be explained by the fact that most have never performed maximal aerobic efforts.…”

Reproducibility of an aerobic endurance test for nonexpert swimmers

“…After testing the normality of the data through the Shapiro–Wilk and Levene tests, a paired t -test was performed for comparison between the days. To analyze the reliability, the r -test was used (Pearson’s linear correlation), classified according to da Silva et al 30 as very low (<0.20), low (0.20–0.39), moderate (0.40–0.59), high (0.60–0.79), and very high (0.80–1). In analyzing the consistency among the variables, intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used, as categorized by Santos et al 31 and Sánchez and Echeverry: 32 not acceptable (<0.70), acceptable (0.70–0.79), good agreement (0.80–0.89), and excellent agreement (>0.90).…”

Different methods to determine maximum heart rate and its influence on internal training load in futsal players

“…In studies on the determination of HR max in team sports, several maximal physical tests have been used, i.e., laboratory tests on the treadmill 10,15,16 ; continuous running field tests 9,11 and intermittent running field tests 8,12,15,16 , which have ecological validity, as for example, the Yo-Yo intermittent recovery level 1 test (YYIR-1), a test with high reproducibility, sensitivity, validity to access HR max , indicate to intermittent sports 15 . However, the HR max determined in soccer official matches 7,11,12 and basketball simulated match 17 has shown higher values in comparison to physical tests, while only one study with futsal players reported similarity between match and physical test HR max 18 . Although HR measured at maximal physical exertion is more trustworthy in establishing HR max , a better way to determine HR max , in the absence of equipment to determine the HR max at maximum effort, the use of agepredicted equations should be cautious, considering that there are many age-predicted HR max equations validated for distinct populations 9,16,17 , and the use of general agepredicted equations may generate an important prediction error when utilized in specific sports, jeopardizing training prescription 3,17 .…”

“…In practice, HR max can be determined in different ways, measured in maximum physical effort tests [7][8][9][10] and, specifically in team sports, measured in official match [11][12][13] , in which the player seeks his maximum performance to win against the opponent. However, although most HR monitors available on the market allow measuring and storing HR values with high reliability 14 and have become popular, in practice, not all teams have the equipment to determine HR max .…”