Alterações na composição corporal decorrentes de um treinamento de musculação em portadores de síndrome de Down

Abstract

O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar as alterações na composição corporal decorrentes de um treinamento de musculação em portadores da síndrome de Down. MÉTODOS: Participaram 15 portadores da síndrome de Down (22,1 ± 7,5 anos), divididos em dois grupos: experimental (G1 = oito) submetidos a um programa de treinamento de musculação e controle (G2 = sete) sem intervenção. A composição corporal foi estimada através da equação de sete dobras cutâneas. As avaliações foram realizadas em pré e pós-teste, com frequência semanal de três vezes em dias alternados e duração de 60 minutos. O protocolo experimental foi elaborado com nove exercícios sob a forma de circuito, sendo realizados em três séries de oito a 12 repetições, com intervalos de descanso entre 30 e 60 segundos. RESULTADOS: Foi observada no G1 diminuição significativa no percentual de gordura (-2,0%; p = 0,036) e massa gorda (MG) (-1,4kg; p = 0,000). Os controles apresentaram aumento desfavorável no %G (+1,0%; p = 0,043) e MG (+2,0kg, p = 0,004). Em relação à massa magra (MM), observou-se ganho significativo no G1 (+1,2kg; p = 0,008); tendo o G2 apresentado redução de MM (-0,8kg; p = 0,003). CONCLUSÃO: O treinamento de musculação apresentou efeito favorável, promovendo redução na gordura corporal e aumento na MM, podendo ser sugerido para indivíduos com características similares às dos aqui investigados.

The Usage of Videogame as a Physiotherapeutic Intervention in Individuals with Down Syndrome

“…Some very peculiar lifestyle aspects of people with Down syndrome are related to physical inactivity, use of drugs and unbalanced eating habits, and these determinants can lead to appearance of various pathologies and/or disorders, from which obesity is highlighted [11]. This reflects the importance of encouraging the practice of dynamic activities with these individuals, whether real or virtual.…”

Resistance training and Down Syndrome: A narrative review on considerations for exercise prescription and safety

“…The RT programs presented different evaluations of the training intensity depending on the purpose of each study. Intensity was evaluated by a 1-repetition maximum (1RM) test ( Weber and French, 1988 ; Shields et al, 2008 ; Shields and Taylor, 2010 ; Gupta et al, 2011 ; Rosety-Rodriguez et al, 2013 ; Shields et al, 2013 ; Dilek et al, 2018 ; Rosety-Rodriguez et al, 2021 ), eight repetitions maximum (8RM) ( Davis and Sinning, 1987 ; Florentino Neto et al, 2010 ; Fornieles et al, 2014 ; Diaz et al, 2021 ), 10 repetitions maximum (10RM) ( Cowley et al, 2011 ) or 12 repetitions maximum (12RM) ( Florentino Neto et al, 2010 ; Seron et al, 2014 ; Seron et al, 2015 ; Seron et al, 2017 ). After application of the different RM tests, the intensity was expressed through the percentage of that workload which varied between 50 and 80% of 1RM ( Weber and French, 1988 ; Shields et al, 2008 ; Gupta et al, 2011 ; Shields et al, 2013 ; Dilek et al, 2018 ; Rosety-Rodriguez et al, 2021 ), and 40–65% 8RM ( Rosety-Rodriguez et al, 2013 ; Fornieles et al, 2014 ; Diaz et al, 2021 ).…”

“…The number of sets per exercise ranged from one to six ( Davis and Sinning, 1987 ; Weber and French, 1988 ; Tsimaras and Fotiadou, 2004 ; Shields et al, 2008 ; Florentino Neto et al, 2010 ; Shields and Taylor, 2010 ; González-Agüero et al, 2011b ; Cowley et al, 2011 ; Gupta et al, 2011 ; González-Agüero et al, 2012 ; Rosety-Rodriguez et al, 2013 ; Shields et al, 2013 ; Fornieles et al, 2014 ; Seron et al, 2014 ; Ghaeeni et al, 2015 ; Seron et al, 2015 ; Seron et al, 2017 ; Dilek et al, 2018 ; Diaz et al, 2021 ; Rosety-Rodriguez et al, 2021 ; Shin and Jeong, 2021 ); it varied according to the training periodization proposed by the objectives of the studies. However, most studies implemented two or three sets of each exercise ( Davis and Sinning, 1987 ; Shields et al, 2008 ; Florentino Neto et al, 2010 ; Shields and Taylor, 2010 ; Cowley et al, 2011 ; Gupta et al, 2011 ; Rosety-Rodriguez et al, 2013 ; Shields et al, 2013 ; Fornieles et al, 2014 ; Seron et al, 2014 ; Seron et al, 2015 ; Seron et al, 2017 ; Dilek et al, 2018 ; Diaz et al, 2021 ; Rosety-Rodriguez et al, 2021 ; Shin and Jeong, 2021 ), with only one study using six sets ( Ghaeeni et al, 2015 ). Most studies prescribed 6 to 12 repetitions ( Davis and Sinning, 1987 ; Shields et al, 2008 ; Florentino Neto et al, 2010 ; Shields and Taylor, 2010 ; Cowley et al, 2011 ; Gupta et al, 2011 ; Rosety-Rodriguez et al, 2013 ; Shields et al, 2013 ; Fornieles et al, 2014 ; Seron et al, 2014 ; Seron et al, 2015 ; Seron et al, 2017 ;…”

“…However, most studies implemented two or three sets of each exercise ( Davis and Sinning, 1987 ; Shields et al, 2008 ; Florentino Neto et al, 2010 ; Shields and Taylor, 2010 ; Cowley et al, 2011 ; Gupta et al, 2011 ; Rosety-Rodriguez et al, 2013 ; Shields et al, 2013 ; Fornieles et al, 2014 ; Seron et al, 2014 ; Seron et al, 2015 ; Seron et al, 2017 ; Dilek et al, 2018 ; Diaz et al, 2021 ; Rosety-Rodriguez et al, 2021 ; Shin and Jeong, 2021 ), with only one study using six sets ( Ghaeeni et al, 2015 ). Most studies prescribed 6 to 12 repetitions ( Davis and Sinning, 1987 ; Shields et al, 2008 ; Florentino Neto et al, 2010 ; Shields and Taylor, 2010 ; Cowley et al, 2011 ; Gupta et al, 2011 ; Rosety-Rodriguez et al, 2013 ; Shields et al, 2013 ; Fornieles et al, 2014 ; Seron et al, 2014 ; Seron et al, 2015 ; Seron et al, 2017 ; Diaz et al, 2021 ; Rosety-Rodriguez et al, 2021 ). However, the number of repetitions per set varied between 6 and 30.…”

“…Frequency varied between two and three times per week, with more leaning toward three sessions ( Davis and Sinning, 1987 ; Weber and French, 1988 ; Tsimaras and Fotiadou, 2004 ; Florentino Neto et al, 2010 ; Gupta et al, 2011 ; Rosety-Rodriguez et al, 2013 ; Fornieles et al, 2014 ; Ghaeeni et al, 2015 ; Dilek et al, 2018 ; Diaz et al, 2021 ; Rosety-Rodriguez et al, 2021 ; Shin and Jeong, 2021 ). It has been shown that training twice per week leads to excellent results in muscle strength gains in upper and lower limbs, improvement in functional capacity, reduction of fat percentage, and increases in lean mass in a population with DS ( Shields et al, 2008 ; Shields and Taylor, 2010 ; González-Agüero et al, 2011b ; Cowley et al, 2011 ; González-Agüero et al, 2012 ; Shields et al, 2013 ).…”