Prevalence, aetiology and antibiotic resistance profiles of coagulase negative staphylococci isolated in a teaching hospital

Abstract

In this paper we carried out a study about prevalence of the clinically significant coagulase negative staphylococcal (CNS) isolates found in an university hospital. Two hundred four CNS isolates from 191 patients obtained between the period of 1998 to 2002, were studied. About 27% (52/191) of the infection cases studied were confirmed as CNS-associated diseases. Blood stream infection (BSI) was the most frequent CNS associated-disease (25%; 13/52). The great majority of the BSI was verified in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). The analysis of the 52 patients medical history showed that 85% of the BSI was acquired in hospital. Most of the CNS nosocomial infections were associated with the use of indwelling medical devices. The incidence of methicillin-resistance among significant CNS isolates was 38%. In this study, a high percentage of exogenous contaminant was verified (60%), indicating that contamination of clinical specimens during sample collection is critical.

Identification of hemolysin encoding genes and their association with antimicrobial resistance pattern among clinical isolates of coagulase-negative Staphylococci

“…The results of our studies indicated that the mecA gene was identified in all CoNS isolates revealing phenotypical resistance to cefoxitin, and only one strain of mecA-positive S. epidermidis was phenotypically cefoxitin-susceptible, which is in agreement with the others [27,32]. Like other studies [25,33], this study show that all CoNS isolates were also completely sensitive to vancomycin. However, there are reports of the occurrence of decreased susceptibility to vancomycin in CoNS isolates [34,35].…”

Prevalence of resistance phenotypes in Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative isolates of venous ulcers of primary healthcare patients

“…A study conducted in outpatient clinics in the United States indicated an increase in MRSA isolates obtained from the community for this type of infection 3 . The isolates recovered from hospitals sets, present an increase in MRCoNS 33 . The present study found high prevalence rates for MRCoNS (47%) in people with venous ulcers treated in the community.…”

“…On the venous ulcer treatment guidelines, the use of topical antibacterial agents can be necessary to reduce the microbial load, but this document does not indicate the class type of the agent 39 . A study conducted in Brazil found 38% of MRCoNS isolates, and multi-drug resistance was detected in 86%; however, the MLS B i phenotype was not investigated 33 . Erythromycin (macrolides) and clindamycin (lincosamides) are antimicrobials belonging to the MLS B group, and are widely recommended to treat staphylococcal infections of the skin and soft tissues, in addition to being an alternative for patients allergic to penicillin 19 .…”

Exploring bacterial resistance in Northern Oman, a foundation for implementing evidence-based antimicrobial stewardship program

“…MSSA isolates originated mainly from skin and soft tissue cultures and showed remarkable susceptibility towards cephalexin 100%, amoxicillin/clavulanate 100%, gentamycin 92%, clindamycin 92% and co-trimoxazole, (79%) to ciprofloxacin. On the other hand, Northern Oman appears to have a marked incidence of MRSA (37% of S. aureus isolates) as is the case of other countries in the middle Staphylococci, coagulase negative isolatesmainly blood stream infections isolated in critical care areas and medical wards constitute 11.5% of Gram-positive isolates, which is relatively less than found in Brazil and Jamaica (22%) (Borg et al, 2007;Keim , 2011), and 12% in Ethiopia (Akpaka et al, 2006). It was 100% susceptible to vancomycin and linezolid, 60~84% susceptible to cotrimoxazole, clindamycin, amoxicillin/clavulanate and cephalexin, with noticeable resistance to ciprofloxacin (47%), cloxacillin (44%), and erythromycin (33%).…”