Redução, refinamento e substituição do uso de animais em estudos toxicológicos: uma abordagem atual

Cazarin, Karen Cristine Ceroni; Corrêa, Cristiana Leslie; Zambrone, Flávio Ailton Duque

doi:10.1590/s1516-93322004000300004

Cited by 37 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 15 publications

(16 reference statements)

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“…O uso de animais como cobaias não é um pré-requisito para o desenvolvimento destas pesquisas, podendo ser adotadas técnicas in vitro ou através de programas computacionais. Estudos toxicológicos, com pesquisas voltadas às patologias humanas e animais, e que por essência utilizam animais em experimentos, também tendem a reduzir ou inibir o uso de cobaias vivas (Cazarin et al, 2004). Em aulas práticas no curso de Ciências Biológicas, onde são estudados processos anatômicos e evolutivos de animais vertebrados, uma possível substituição ao uso de animais é o uso de vídeos pré-gravados, sem a necessidade de se obter, manter e sacrificar novos animais (peixes, anfíbios, répteis, aves e mamíferos) anualmente (Canova et al, 2015).…”

Section: Atividades Didáticasunclassified

Propostas pedagógicas substitutivas ao uso de animais no ensino superior: uma revisão

Carniatto

2017

Pubvet

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RESUMO.Animais são utilizados em atividades de ensino e pesquisa há vários séculos, principalmente em estudos relacionados à anatomia, fisiologia e recentemente à farmacologia; são, também, utilizados em aulas práticas e em atividades didáticas de diversos cursos de graduação. Entretanto, com a crescente discussão sobre os direitos dos animais não humanos, e cientes da responsabilidade do homem na conservação do planeta e na manutenção da biodiversidade, se faz necessário desenvolver recursos alternativos ao uso de animais no ensino e na pesquisa no nível superior. Este estudo teve como objetivo investigar o uso de métodos substitutivos à experimentação animal, através de consultas a periódicos nacionais e internacionais relacionados à bioética, experimentação animal, vivissecção e recursos alternativos. Foram encontrados métodos substitutos à experimentação animal, que podem ser aplicados em cursos superiores no Brasil, sobretudo em estudos e pesquisas biomédicas, farmacêuticas e toxicológicas. O uso de animais em atividades práticas, onde estes são sacrificados apenas para observação de estruturas anatômicas ou visualização de processos fisiológicos já conhecidos e estabelecidos, pode ser substituído por gravações e/ou modelos anatômicos. O uso de recursos alternativos é um processo tecnológico, porém lento, que deve ser desenvolvido, implantado e incentivado pelo professor universitário, afirmando sua responsabilidade social e científica.Palavras chave: Bioética, didática no ensino superior, experimentação animal Pedagogical proposals for the use of animals in higher education: a review ABSTRACT. Animals are used in teaching and research activities for centuries, especially in studies related to anatomy, physiology and, recently, pharmacology; they are also used in practical classes and educational activities of undergraduate courses. However, with the growing discussion on the rights of nonhuman animals, and aware of the responsibility of man in the preservation of the planet and in maintaining biodiversity, it is necessary to develop alternative resources to the use of animals in teaching and research in higher education. This study aimed to investigate the use of substitutive methods to animal testing, consultation national and international journals related to bioethics, animal experimentation, vivisection and alternative resources. There are substitute's methods to animal testing, which can be applied to higher education in Brazil, especially in education and biomedical, pharmaceutical and toxicological researches. The use of animals in practical activities where they are sacrificed just to observe anatomical structures or visualization physiological processes that are already known and established, can be replaced by recordings or anatomical models. The use of alternative resources is a technological process, though slow, which should be developed, deployed, and encouraged by the professor, saying his social and scientific responsibility.

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Section: Atividades Didáticasunclassified

Propostas pedagógicas substitutivas ao uso de animais no ensino superior: uma revisão

Carniatto

2017

Pubvet

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“…Corneal opacity may be caused by protein denaturation, precipitation, or the induction of cellular swelling of the stroma. Corneal permeability, assessed by fluorescein, is characterized by a loss of junctions and cell membrane barrier properties of the corneal epithelium (Cazarin;Corrêa;Zambrone, 2004;NIEHS, 2006).…”

Section: Bovine Corneal Opacity and Permeability (Bcop) Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The cornea can also be fixed, sectioned and examined histologically (by a group of pathologists) (Cazarin, Corrêa, Zambrone, 2004;NIEHS, 2006). Figure 3 shows a schematic representation of the BCOP test.…”

Section: Bovine Corneal Opacity and Permeability (Bcop) Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The BCOP presents some limitations including: (I) it cannot assess late response;(II) it does not have tear film, which increases the chance of false positives, (III) there must be a slaughterhouse near the laboratory; and (IV) the test system is devoid of blood flow and nerve tests, which preclude observation of inflammatory effects of the iris. However, the BCOP offers several advantages: (I) reduction of test time and (II) low cost; (III) provides histological evaluation of the corneal tissue; and (IV) the permeability test can be quantified (Cazarin, Corrêa, Zambrone, 2004;NIEHS, 2006). The BCOP is the first scientifically-validated alternative method to gain acceptance as a test for eye safety by the U.S.A. regulatory agencies making up the ICCVAM (NEWLY, 2008).…”

Section: Bovine Corneal Opacity and Permeability (Bcop) Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This method is internationally validated (Silva, Rougier, Dossou, 1992;Cazarin;Corrêa;Zambrone, 2004).…”

Section: Hen´s Egg Test On the Chorioallantoic Membrane (Het-cam)mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Corrositex®, BCOP and HET-CAM as alternative methods to animal experimentation

Cazedey

Carvalho

Fiorentino

et al. 2009

Braz. J. Pharm. Sci.

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Tests in animals are used as models in toxicological and investigative studies. However, such tests have been considered inhumane because they can cause pain and suffering to experimental animals, while these methods can often be subjective. Protests calling for animal protection have questioned the effectiveness of in vivo tests and suggest the introduction of alternative, in vitro methods. International organizations, such as the Interagency Coordinating Committee on the Validation of Alternative Methods (ICCVAM), the National Institute of Health (NIH), the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), that regulate and develop new alternative animal models, have indicated the running of preliminary assays and execution of sequential tests, which consider physical-chemical properties and data of in vitro assays, before performing in vivo studies. Towards this background, the objective of the present article was to select promising alternative methods such as Corrositex®, BCOP and HET-CAM, intended to refine or replace the use of animals and reduce their suffering.

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Natural product–based nanomedicine: polymeric nanoparticles as delivery cargoes of food bioactives and nutraceuticals for anticancer purposes

Cadoná

Machado

Bodenstein

et al. 2020

Advances and Avenues in the Development of Novel Carriers for Bioactives and Biological Agents

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Redução, refinamento e substituição do uso de animais em estudos toxicológicos: uma abordagem atual

Cited by 37 publications

References 15 publications

Propostas pedagógicas substitutivas ao uso de animais no ensino superior: uma revisão

Propostas pedagógicas substitutivas ao uso de animais no ensino superior: uma revisão

Corrositex®, BCOP and HET-CAM as alternative methods to animal experimentation

Natural product–based nanomedicine: polymeric nanoparticles as delivery cargoes of food bioactives and nutraceuticals for anticancer purposes

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