Identification and colonization of endophytic fungi from soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merril) under different environmental conditions

Abstract

A total of 297 endophytic fungi were isolated from 1728 leaf and stem fragments collected about twenty and forty days after germination from soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merril) plants grown in the field and a greenhouse. The fungi belonged to eight groups, six dematiaceous genera (Alternaria, Cladosporium, Chaetomium, Curvularia, Drechslera and Scopulariopsis) and the non-dematiaceous genera Acremonium, Aspergillus, Colletotrichum, Fusarium, Paecilomyces and Penicillium along with some Mycelia sterilia.. There were qualitative and quantitative differences in the type and number of isolates obtained from greenhouse and field-grown plants, with more isolates being obtained from the latter. No difference was found in the number of fungi isolated from leaves and stems irrespective of where the plants was grown. For was field-grown plants, the number of isolates decreased as the plants aged and more fungi were found in tissues near the soil, while for greenhouse-grown plants the number of isolates increased as the plants aged but in this case no more fungi were isolated from those tissues nearer the soil. These results could have biotechnological relevance for the biological control of pests or plant growth promotion.<br>A partir de 1728 fragmentos de hastes e folhas de soja (Glycine max (L.) Merril). provenientes de plantas do campo e de casa de vegetação, coletadas cerca de 20 e 40 dias após a germinação das sementes, 297 fungos endofíticos foram isolados. Os gêneros encontrados foram: Alternaria, Cladosporium, Curvularia, Chaetomium, Scopulariopsis, Drechslera (todos dematiáceos) além de Colletotrichum, Fusarium, Acremonium, Aspergillus, Penicillium, Paecilomyces e Mycelia sterilia. Foram detectadas diferenças qualitativas e quantitativas entre os isolados, em relação a micobiota de hospedeiros provenientes do campo e de casa de vegetação com maior frequência de fungos isolados de plantas no campo em comparação com as de casa de vegetação. Houve diminuição da frequência de fungos com a idade das plantas crescidas no campo, ocorrendo o inverso com as da casa de vegetação, mas em ambos os casos, não houve diferença no número de fungos isolados de hastes e de folhas. Houve em plantas crescidas no campo uma maior incidência nas regiões próximas ao solo o que não ocorreu nas plantas provenientes da casa de vegetação. Os resultados podem ser de utilidade do ponto de vista biotecnológico pelo uso de endófitos introduzidos deliberadamente em plantas visando o controle biológico de pestes ou promoção de crescimento vegetal

Nodulation-Dependent Communities of Culturable Bacterial Endophytes from Stems of Field-Grown Soybeans

“…This autoregulatory mechanism occurs through long-distance signaling between the shoot and root (30). To date, several studies of soybean-associated microbial communities have been reported (13,20,33,35). However, whether bacterial endophytes use systems similar to those used by rhizobia and mycorrhizal fungi in their associations is largely unknown (32).…”

Leaf endophytic fungi of chili (Capsicum annuum) and their role in the protection against Aphis gossypii (Homoptera: Aphididae)

“…Aspergillus has rarely been reported as leaf endophyte, but this work resulted that this species as leaf endophyte of chili and proven by colonization test. The role of Aspergillus as leave endophyte has been reported in soybean and neem trees (Pimentel et al 2006;Verma et al 2007). Other fungal endophytes isolated in this study were Coniothyrium sp.…”

Eksplorasi Dan Identifikasi Trichoderma Endofitik Pada Pisang

“…Jamur ini dapat diisolasi pada hampir semua bagian tanaman yang tumbuh di daerah tropis dengan iklim yang berbeda (Laran et al, 2002). Jamur endofitik lebih banyak diperoleh dari isolasi tanaman yang berada di lapangan dibanding tanaman yang ada di rumah kaca (Pimentel et al, 2006). Salah satu jamur endofitik yang sering ditemukan dan mampu berperan sebagai agens pengendali hayati yaitu Trichoderma spp.…”