Intestinal mucosa development in broiler chickens fed natural growth promoters

Abstract

This study evaluated the use of probiotics and prebiotics on the histological and morphological indexes of the intestinal mucosa of broilers at 21 days of age. Thirty-six birds were randomly distributed in a 3 x 3 factorial arrangement, considering 3 probiotics and prebiotics sources in the diet. There were 9 treatments with 4 repetitions. Diet treatments were: 1 - Control (without growth promoters); 2 - Bacillus subtilis-based probiotic (Pro 1); 3 - Probiotic (Pool) based on Lactobacillus acidophilus and casei, Streptococcus lactis and faecium, Bifidobacterium bifidum and Aspergillus oryzae (Pro 2); 4 - Prebiotic based on Phosphorylated Mannanoligosaccharide (MOS) and Organic Acidifier (OA) (Pre 1); 5 - MOS-based prebiotic (Pre 2); 6 - Pro 1 + Pre 1; 7 - Pro 1 + Pre 2; 8 - Pro 2 + Pre 1; 9 - Pro 2 + Pre 2. Higher villus height (VH) (p<0.01) were seen in the duodenum of birds fed diets without prebiotics, whereas birds fed Bacillus subtilis-based probiotic and birds fed prebiotic based on MOS and OA showed higher VH (p<0.01) in jejunum and ileum. Greater crypt depths (CD) (p<0.01) were observed in the duodenum, jejunum and ileum of birds receiving B. subtilis, and in the duodenum and jejunum of birds fed diets without prebiotics. Significant interaction (p<0.01) between the evaluated factors was seen for both, VH and CD, in the three intestinal portions. Greater VH was obtained in duodenum, jejunum and ileum with the use of probiotics and prebiotics and greater CD with the use of probiotics, in relation to the control group. There was no difference in villus density (VD) between birds fed diets without additives or diets containing probiotics and prebiotics. Nevertheless, there was a significant interaction (p<0.05) between the evaluated factors for VD in the duodenum. Concluding, beneficial effects were seen in histological indexes of the intestinal mucosa with the use of probiotics and prebiotics at 21 days of age

Effect of lactulose on growth performance and intestinal morphology of pre-ruminant calves using a milk replacer containing Enterococcus faecium

“…Based on histomorphological analyses, our study indicates that the feeding of lactulose decreased the villus sizes only in ileum. These results disagree with those obtained by Pelicano et al (2005), who found no differences in the ileal villus height with the use of prebiotics in broiler chickens. The continual reduction of the villus height in the ileum could be explained by a decreasing cell Table 5 Mean values for villus areas and heights and crypts depths in jejunum and ileum, size of lymph follicle area in Peyer's patches (ileum) and crypt depths in colon and caecum in calves fed milk replacer (MR) (L0), MR þ 1% lactulose per MR (L1) and MR þ 3% lactulose per MR (L3) (means are different between treatment groups as shown) proliferation or/and an increasing apoptosis caused by the feeding of lactulose.…”

Effect of Lactobacillus sporogenes (probiotic) on certain parasitological and molecular aspects in Schistosoma mansoni infected mice

“…Results of their studies demonstrated that the consumption of fermented milk can modulate the immune system and can maintain it in a state of surveillance, which could affront different pathologies such as cancer and intestinal inflammation. Pelicano et al (2005) evaluated the use of probiotics and prebiotics on the histological and morphological indecies of the intestinal mucosa of broilers at 21 days of age and showed beneficial effects. Khambualai et al (2010) suggested that the intestinal villi and epithelial cells of Broiler Chickens might be hypertrophied by sugar cane extract (SCE) and commercial probiotic (SPB).…”

Kaolin in the diet and its effects on performance, litter moisture and intestinal morphology of broiler chickens

“…Five broilers per unit were separated, summing twenty broilers per treatment and sent for slaughter. After the slaughter procedures, the small intestine of 60 broilers (20 per treatment) was collected for evaluation of morphometric parameters, according to the method described by PELICANO et al (2005). The intestinal morphology analysis considered the following variables: villi height and crypt depth.…”