Nitrogen fertilization on the establishment of Arachis pintoi cv. Belmonte

Abstract

-The objective was to evaluate the effect of nitrogen fertilization on the establishment of forage peanut (Arachis pintoi cv. Belmonte) propagated vegetatively. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse in a completely randomized design with treatments arranged in a 2 × 4 factorial design -two ages (70 and 85 days after planting) and four nitrogen doses (0, 40, 80 and 120 kg/ha) -with four replications. Morphogenetic and structural characteristics and production were evaluated. The nitrogen accelerated the establishment of the forage peanut with an increase in dry weight of green leaves and stolons. The greatest length of stolons (48.0 cm) was obtained with a dose equivalent to 86 kg N/ha and higher density of stolons (20 stolons/vase) between 78 and 82 kg N/ha. Nitrogen fertilization also reduced the phyllochron from 6.7 to 4.6 days/leaf. These data were more intense at 85 days, suggesting greater photosynthetic contribution during this period related to the large number of leaves after 70 days. Therefore, nitrogen can be an important tool to accelerate the establishment of pure stands of forage peanut.

Effects of Fertilization Ratios on the Growth of Pinto Peanut (Arachis Pintoi) under Drought Stress Conditions

“…Under well-watered conditions (W3), the higher K (F3) treatment had slightly shorter stolon lengths compared to F1 while the highest stolon lengths were observed in the higher NP treatments. Sales et al (2012) indicated a linear response of the stolon elongation rate and a quadratic response of final stolon lengths of A. pintoi in relationship to the nitrogen rate. The greatest stolon lengths were observed at a dose equivalent to 86 kg ha -1 N. In our experiment, higher K alone did not affect the stolon lengths of A. pintoi.…”

“…At 12 WAP, high fertilization ratios significantly increased total DM as compared with F1, except with higher K. However, at 15 WAP, higher DM measurements were only found in the higher NP and higher NPK treatments. Sales et al (2012) observed an increase in the shoot/root ratio under high nitrogen fertilization, which means nitrogen fertilization reduced the R/S ratio. In our experiment, plants in the higher NP and higher NPK treatments induced a lower root/shoot ratio under drought, which may be due to the greater available nutrients in the study soil.…”

“…The growth of secondary stolons plays an important role in the speed of establishment of A. pintoi and consequently impacts soil coverage. Sales et al (2012) indicated a linear increase in the number of secondary stolons of A. pintoi with increasing nitrogen fertilization rates. In our experiment, no significant effects of higher nitrogen ratios on the number of secondary stolons was observed, this could be attributed to high available nitrogen and phosphate in the experimental soil.…”

“…It has been shown that there is a quadratic response of the nitrogen fertilization level on the leaf appearance rate (Sales et al, 2012). In another experiment, Sales et al (2013) indicated a significant effect of water regimes and nitrogen application on the leaf growth and development of A. pintoi.…”

Canopy structure and tillering of piatã and marandu grasses under two grazing intensities with sheep

“…Production potential of a forage grass is genetically determined, however forage production is influenced by environment-soil-plant-animal interaction (DA SILVA; PEDREIRA, 1997;SALES et al, 2012). Genetic enhancement of forage grasses has made great strides through the launch of new cultivars and also the selection of hybrids, but it is necessary to apply pasture management and grazing practices in order to indicate specific recommendations for the use of each animal species and region of the country, thus ensuring that the productive potential of the forage plant is reached (JANK et al, 2012;PENATI et al, 2014).…”