Forage yield and nutritive value of Tanzania grass under nitrogen supplies and plant densities

Freitas, Fabrício Paiva de; Fonseca, Dilermando Miranda da; Braz, Thiago Gomes dos Santos; Martuscello, Janaína Azevedo; Santos, Manoel Eduardo Rozalino

doi:10.1590/s1516-35982012000400006

Cited by 30 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(26 reference statements)

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“…Nitrogen fertilization affects plant growth and results in increased HA and LAI in pastures, as has been widely reported in the literature for tropical grasses (Braga, Luz, Herling, & Lima, 2004;Costa et al, 2013;Freitas, Fonseca, Braz, Martuscello, & Santos, 2012;Silva et al, 2016a). The increase in N availability affects morphogenetic characteristics, such as leaf appearance and stem elongation rates, contributing to increased leaf and stem accumulation, which in turn contributes to greater HA (Silva et al, 2016b).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Canopy height and N affect herbage accumulation and the relative contribution of leaf categories to photosynthesis of grazed brachiariagrass pastures

Yasuoka

Pedreira

Silva

et al. 2017

Grass and Forage Science

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The effects of three canopy heights (10, 25 and 40 cm) and two N rates (50 and 250 kg ha−1 year−1) on herbage accumulation (HA), participation of leaf categories in the leaf area index (LAI) and photosynthesis of grazed “Mulato II” brachiariagrass (Brachiaria brizantha × B. decumbens × B. ruziziensis) were investigated during two summer growing seasons in Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil. The HA and LAI increased linearly from 8560 to 13600 kg DM ha−1 year−1 and 2.3 to 5.5 m2 m−2, respectively, as canopy height increased. Mulato II brachiariagrass maintained at 10 cm canopy height showed greater proportion of young leaves, but was less productive than taller canopies. Taller canopies had greater proportion of mature leaves in the LAI as well as greater photosynthesis. The greater N rate contributed to increased LAI, leaf and canopy photosynthesis rates and HA but did not affect the LAI composition. The total leaf area is more important to HA than the proportion of young leaves in the LAI, as taller canopies were more productive, suggesting that maintaining Mulato II brachiariagrass at 25 or 40 cm is advantageous for this grass.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Canopy height and N affect herbage accumulation and the relative contribution of leaf categories to photosynthesis of grazed brachiariagrass pastures

Yasuoka

Pedreira

Silva

et al. 2017

Grass and Forage Science

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“…Among the forage plants mostly used for milk production, the Panicum maximum species stand outfor their high productivity and good nutritional value, and they have been predominantly used in intermittent grazing systems (Freitas, Fonseca, Braz, Martuscello, & Santos, 2012). However, mismanagement of plants of this species may explain low animal performance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<b>Production and quality of Mombaça grass forage under different residual heights

Carvalho

Martuscello

Almeida

et al. 2017

Acta Sci. Anim. Sci.

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ABSTRACT. This study was conducted to evaluate management strategies in Mombaça grass pastures (Panicum maximum) under intermittent grazing subjected to different residual heights. A randomized-block design with two treatments (two post-grazing residual heights: 30 and 50 cm) and three replications was adopted. Pasture heights pre-and post-grazing, forage mass and accumulation, rest and occupation periods, pasture morphological components, milk yield and quality forage were evaluated. The data were submitted to analysis of variance and the means were compared by the F test at 5% probability. A longer grazing interval was observed in the treatments under the more severe grazing intensity. For forage mass postgrazing, larger production and higher percentage of leaves were found with the 50 cm residue, as well as higher crude protein contents and digestibility of leaves and stems and lower lignin and neutral detergent fiber contents. The residual height of 50 cm is recommended for the management of Mombaça grass pasture, as it provides greater milk yield per animal and a larger number of grazing cycles, ensuring better use of the area.Keywords: defoliation, grazing system, pasture.Produção de pastos de capim-mombaça submetidos a alturas de resíduo RESUMO. O experimento foi conduzido, objetivando-se avaliar estratégias de manejo em pastos de capim-mombaça (Panicum maximum) sob lotação intermitente, submetidos a diferentes alturas de resíduo. O delineamento utilizado foi em blocos casualizados, com dois tratamentos (duas diferentes alturas de resíduo pós-pastejo -30 e 50 cm) e três repetições. Foram avaliadas a altura do pasto no pré e no pós-pastejo, a massa e o acúmulo de forragem, os períodos de descanso, de ocupação, a produção dos componentes morfológicos do pasto, a produção de leite e a qualidade da forragem. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e as médias foram comparadas pelo teste F a 5% de probabilidade. Para tratamentos com intensidade de pastejo mais severa, notou-se maior intervalo de pastejo. Encontrou-se maior acúmulo de forragem para pastos manejados com altura de 50 cm de resíduo de pastejo. Para massa de forragem no pós-pastejo, obteve-se maior produção e maior porcentagem de folhas para o resíduo de 50 cm, bem como maiores teores de PB e digestibilidade para folhas e colmos, e menores teores de lignina e FDN. Para manejo de pastos de capim-mombaça, recomenda-se a altura de 50 cm de resíduo, por promover maior produção de leite por animal e maior número de ciclos de pastejo, garantindo melhor aproveitamento da área.Palavras-chave: desfoliação, sistema de pastejo, pasto.

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“…No entanto, com a utilização de irrigação de pastagens, a fi m de não restringir o seu potencial de produção, são necessários outros insumos, além de água. Dentre estes, destaca-se o uso da adubação azotada, devido ao efeito positivo do azoto sobre a produtividade das gramíneas forrageiras, além de estimular o crescimento de tecidos novos, com altos teores de proteína bruta, e baixos de fi bra e lignina (Euclides, 1995;Freitas et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Produtividade e composição bromatológica de Panicum maximum cv. Mombaça sob irrigação e adubação azotada

Filho¹,

Carneiro²,

Andrade³

et al. 2016

Rev. Ciênc. Agr.

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R e s u m oForam avaliados os efeitos de diferentes lâminas de irrigação e doses de azoto (N) sobre a produtividade, efi ciência do uso do azoto (EUN) e composição bromatológica do Panicum maximum cv. Mombaça. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados, em esquema fatorial 2x4, com três repetições, sendo dois níveis de irrigação (50% e 80% da evaporação do Tanque Classe "A", ECA) e quatro doses de N (200, 400, 600 e 800 kg/ha/ano). As lâminas de irrigação aplicadas apresentaram comportamentos semelhantes em relação à EUN, produção de matéria seca total (PMST), de folhas (PMSF) e colmos (PMSC), e teores de fi bra em detergente neutro (FDN). A adubação azotada infl uenciou positivamente a PMST, PMSF e PMSC, no entanto, diminuiu a EUN. Os teores de proteína bruta (PB) das folhas e colmos foram infl uenciados pela interação lâminas de irrigação x adubação azotada. Houve efeito linear do N sobre os teores de PB. Os teores de fi bra em detergente ácido (FDA) apresentaram infl uência negativa da maior lâmina de irrigação e foram reduzidos pela adubação azotada. A irrigação de 50% da ECA, associada à aplicação de 800 kg de N/ha/ano, apresentou os melhores resultados, considerando-se a produtividade, composição bromatológica e economia de água.Palavras-chave: fi bra em detergente ácido, fi bra em detergente neutro, proteína bruta, tanque classe "A". A b s t r a c tThe eff ects of diff erent irrigation levels and doses of nitrogen (N) on yield, nitrogen use effi ciency (NUE) and chemical composition of Mombasa grass (Panicum maximum) were evaluated. The experimental design was randomized blocks in a 2x4 factorial, with three replicates, two water levels (50% and 80% of Class A pan evaporation, ECA) and four levels of N (200, 400, 600 and 800 kg / ha / year). The water depth applied showed similar behaviors regarding NUE, total dry matt er yield (TDMY), leaves (DMYL) and stems (DMYS), and levels of neutral detergent fi ber (NDF). The nitrogen fertilization infl uenced positively TDMY, DMYL and DMYS, however, decreased NUE. Crude protein (CP) of the leaves and stems were infl uenced by the interaction of blades irrigation x nitrogen fertilization. There was a linear eff ect of N on the PB. The levels of acid detergent fi ber (ADF) had negative infl uence of greater water depth. Concentrations of ADF were reduced by nitrogen fertilization. Irrigation of 50% of ECA, associated with application of 800 kg N / ha / year, showed the best results, considering productivity, chemical composition and water savings.Keywords: acid detergent fi ber, class A pan, crude protein, neutral detergent fi ber.

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Forage yield and nutritive value of Tanzania grass under nitrogen supplies and plant densities

Cited by 30 publications

References 18 publications

Canopy height and N affect herbage accumulation and the relative contribution of leaf categories to photosynthesis of grazed brachiariagrass pastures

Canopy height and N affect herbage accumulation and the relative contribution of leaf categories to photosynthesis of grazed brachiariagrass pastures

<b>Production and quality of Mombaça grass forage under different residual heights

Produtividade e composição bromatológica de Panicum maximum cv. Mombaça sob irrigação e adubação azotada

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