Características físico-mecânicas e químicas do couro de caprinos abatidos em idades diferenciadas

Abstract

RESUMO -Objetivando-se analisar as características físico-mecânicas do couro de caprinos, após o curtimento, utilizaram-se 16 animais machos mestiços Alpinos, com idades a partir dos 180 dias de vida, abatidos em intervalos de 45 dias (quatro animais por abate). As peles foram curtidas e recurtidas e dos couros retiraram-se três corpos-de-prova das regiões dorsal, paleta, ventral, anca e lateral, nas direções paralelas e perpendicular ao eixo crânio-caudal, para realização dos ensaios físico-mecânicos: distensão da "flor" no lastrômetro, rasgamento progressivo, resistência à tração, análises químicas de extração de lipídios, óxido de cromo, pH e cifra diferencial. A idade do animal exerceu efeito positivo no ensaio de resistência à tração, com superioridade para os caprinos de 315 dias de vida. A região e a posição em todos animais estudados apresentaram efeito significativo no ensaio de resistência ao rasgamento progressivo, nas quatro idades, atingindo o valor de referência mínima de 80 kgf/cm. A resistência do couro à distensão da "flor" dos caprinos estudados foi superior ao mínimo de 7 mm, demonstrando grande elasticidade dos couros, sem influência de idade ou região.Palavras-chave: ensaios físico-mecânicos, peles, resistência Physical and Mechanical Characteristics Quality of Goats Leather at Different AgesABSTRACT -This paper focuses on the analysis of goats leather to identify the physical and mechanical characteristics after toning. Sixteen male crossbred Alpine goats, with four animals from 180 days old by slaughter, were used. Slaughter intervals of 45 days were used. The skins were tanned and re-tanned, and from the breather the proofs from the dorsal, palette, ventral, hind and lateral regions, were taken, in the following directions: parallel and perpendicular to the tail-skull axis, so that the physic-mechanic studies could be performed: distention of the "flower" in the lastometer, progressive tearing; resistance to traction and chemical analyses of fat, chrome, pH and differential code. Animal age showed positive effect on traction resistance, with high values to goats at 315 days old. The region and position of all animals studied shower significant effect on the four reach ages, reaching the minimum reference value of 80 kgf/cm. Bather resistance to distention of the "flower" from the goats were superior to the minimum of 7 mm, showing the great elasticity of the bather, with no effect of age or region.

Influence of genotype on the quality of sheep leather

“…These values were higher than the minimums reported in the literature on shoe leather (BASF, 2004), which were greater than 20 N/mm 2 and 35 N/mm, respectively. Similar results were reported by Ferrandiz-Gomez et al (1993) for cow, sheep and goat leather and by Oliveira et al (2008) and Oliveira et al (2007) for sheep and goat leather. However, Villarroel et al (2004) did not find any effect of the direction of the sample in relation to the backbone (P>0.05) on the average tensile and tear strength values for sheep leather.…”

“…The same was true for tear strength, in which the leather samples from the Native × Santa Inês group were thicker (P<0.05) than those from the other two groups. Some authors, when studying the skins of sheep (Villarroel et al, 2004), goats (Dal Monte et al, 2004) and both these animals (Oliveira et al, 2008;Oliveira et al, 2007), did not note significant effects of the genetic group or the direction in which the sample was taken to on the leather thickness.…”

Leather quality of beefalo‐Nellore cattle in different production systems

“…Conversely, higher values have been reported by Dal Monte et al . () for goats (222.5 N), corroborating differences previously reported among ruminant species regarding leather strength (Basil‐Jones et al . ).…”

Physico-chemical, mechanical and histological characteristics on rumen and reticulum of sheep submitted to different techniques of retanning

“…Dal Monte (2004) noted that in tanning industries, leather quality is related to chemical, mechanical and aesthetic characteristics. Physicochemical characteristics of leather vary with animal species, conservation techniques and tanning process and are directly related to material that serves as the basis for production.…”