TPS Nanocomposite reinforced with MFC by melting process

Abstract

Bionanocomposites of thermoplastic starch (TPS) reinforced with microfibrilated cellulose (MFC) were prepared by melt processing. MFC was prepared from eucalyptus wood pulp by a process combining cryogenic milling in high shear mixers, chemical treatment with sodium hydroxide and ultrasound treatment. The never dried MFC was then dispersed in native starch and glycerol and processed in a single screw extruder. Two MFC contents were incorporated, 3 and 10 wt %, based on TPS. The MFC was characterized by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The bionanocomposites were characterized by tensile tests, SEM and water absorption experiments. Modulus and tensile strength were improved. Water absorption did not change in an appreciable way with the addition of MFC. The homogeneous dispersion of the MFC into TPS matrix can be considered one of the remarkable points of the new process used in the composite preparation.

Polysaccharide nanomaterial reinforced starch nanocomposites: A review

“…Moreover, for core‐shell nanofibers, where CNF is the core and starch the thin “shell” coating, a lower moisture absorption than rule of mixture predictions based on data for neat CNF and neat starch components was reported . However, for extruded TPS reinforced with up to 10 wt% CNF no effect of the filler on the water absorption was reported . It is worth noting that in this study a relatively low RH environment (75%) was used.…”

“…Similarly, improved thermomechanical stability, tensile strength, modulus, and work of fracture were reported for glycerol‐plasticized TPS reinforced with CNF at contents up to 70 wt% and CNF at contents up to 10 wt% . The reinforcing capability of TPS reinforced with BC was also investigated using ex situ or in situ processing technique.…”

“…The ensuing mixture is cast and evaporated to obtain a solid nanocomposite film. Melt processing of this mixture has been also reported . When using SNC as filler and performing gelatinization at high temperatures, it is necessary to decrease the temperature of gelatinized starch before adding SNC to prevent their gelatinization .…”

As dimensões da humanização nas práticas de Terapia Ocupacional na saúde mental/The dimensions of humanization in the practice of occupational therapy in mental health

“…Outros contextos encontrados nos estudos analisados foram: a comunidade e o território -sendo o território agregado a esta categoria por ter seu sentido empregado enquanto sinônimo de comunidade -, e suas definições variaram entre: o local onde as situações são vivenciadas 25 e o espaço como ferramenta de inclusão do sujeito 27 . Na discussão da PNH, a comunidade é o alvo dos projetos terapêuticos e, de uma forma geral, dos projetos de saúde, além de ser o espaço de estabelecimento de laços e de redes sociais e de saúde para a efetivação das políticas públicas 15 .…”

“…A integralidade do cuidado e a participação dos sujeitos dentro do sistema de valores e as crenças comunitárias foram utilizadas como uma trama para o raciocínio de terapeutas ocupacionais para utilizar o espaço territorial, a fim de fomentar a participação social 18,22 . A qualidade e a eficácia da atenção, bem como o trabalho interdisciplinar também são reiterados na maioria dos estudos incluídos 16,18,19,20,22,23,25,26,27 . Ou seja, os objetivos do terapeuta ocupacional seriam basicamente: a ampliação do campo relacional dos clientes-usuários e a apropriação dos procedimentos de tratamento e a valorização da vida dos sujeitos dentro do exercício pleno de sua cidadania em suas redes sociais de suporte.…”