Biometria de frutos e sementes e germinação de melão-de-são-caetano

Abstract

RESUMO:Objetivou-se com este trabalho fazer a caracterização biométrica de frutos e sementes de melão-de-são-caetano (Momordica charantia L.) e determinar as temperaturas cardinais para germinação das sementes desta espécie. A caracterização e a condução do experimento foram realizadas no Laboratório de Análise de Sementes da UFERSA, em Mossoró-RN. Os parâmetros avaliados foram: comprimento, diâmetro, número de sementes por fruto; comprimento, largura e espessura das sementes; grau de umidade, peso de mil sementes, e número de sementes por grama. Para o ensaio sobre as temperaturas, a semeadura foi realizada em caixas plásticas transparentes contendo areia esterilizada como substrato. As sementes foram incubadas nas temperaturas constantes de 10ºC, 15ºC, 20ºC, 25ºC, 30ºC, 35ºC e 40ºC, com fotoperíodo de 8 horas. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado com quatro repetições de 50 sementes. Os frutos apresentam cerca de 49,8 mm de comprimento, 19,89 mm de diâmetro, contendo em torno de 18 sementes. As dimensões médias das sementes são: 8,9mm de comprimento, 4,30mm de largura, e 2,65mm de espessura. A germinação ocorre na faixa de 20 a 35ºC, porém as temperaturas ótimas para germinação de sementes de melão-de-são-caetano variam entre 25 e 30ºC. Palavras-chave: Momordica charantia, temperatura, planta medicinalABSTRACT: Biometrics of fruits and seeds and germination of balsam pear. The aims of this study were to perform the biometric characterization of fruits and seeds of balsam pear (Momordica charantia L.) and to determine the cardinal temperatures for seed germination in this species. The characterization and the experiment were conducted at the Laboratory of Seed Analysis of UFERSA in Mossoró-RN. The evaluated parameters were: length, width and thickness of seeds; moisture content; one thousand seed weight; and number of seeds per gram. For the temperature assay, sowing was done in transparent plastic boxes containing sterilized sand as substrate. The seeds were then incubated at the constant temperatures of 10ºC, 15°C, 20°C, 25°C, 30°C, 35°C and 40°C, with 8-hour photoperiod. Experimental design was completely randomized with four replicates of 50 seeds. Fruits have about 49.8mm length and 19.89 mm diameter, containing around 18 seeds. The medium dimensions of seeds are: 8.9mm length, 4.30 mm width and 2.65 mm thickness. There is germination in the range from 20 to 35ºC, but the optimal temperatures for the germination of balsam pear seeds vary between 25 and 30°C.

Physicochemical characterization, bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity of bitter melon

“…The longitudinal axis of bitter melon had a mean of 39.61 mm, with amplitude ranging from 21.7 to 61.1 mm. In general, the values obtained were lower than results presented by Santana et al (2013), that most fruits present a length of 49 to 57 mm. Regarding the equatorial axis of the fruits, the values obtained ranged from 11.6 to 27.8 mm, with an average very near to highest frequency found by Santana et al (2013), from 17 to 19 mm.…”

“…In general, the values obtained were lower than results presented by Santana et al (2013), that most fruits present a length of 49 to 57 mm. Regarding the equatorial axis of the fruits, the values obtained ranged from 11.6 to 27.8 mm, with an average very near to highest frequency found by Santana et al (2013), from 17 to 19 mm. The coefficients of variation of the longitudinal axis and equatorial axis of fruits were 22.59% and 18.40%, respectively, values similar to those obtained by Assis et al (2015), of 18.08% and 13.16%, respectively.…”

FRUIT AND SEED MORFOMETRY, SEED GERMINATION AND SEEDLING VIGOR of Parkia gigantocarpa

“…Variations in fruit dimensions can be attributed to genetic variability, biotic and abiotic environmental factors, and genotype-environment interaction (SANTANA et al, 2013). The coefficient of variation found (20.3%) for fruit weight was higher than those for the other parameters related to fruits; however, this can be attributed to the different seed water contents during maturation, differences in time of fruit collection, and different climatic conditions of the sampling location.…”

Image analysis of seeds and machine learning as a tool for distinguishing populations: Applied to an invasive tree species

“…Therefore, the biometric study patterns of seeds from different populations can be an efficient method for this purpose, as they are the primary vehicle for the spread of germplasm. Variations in seed biometrics are intricately linked to environmental alterations and the genetic diversity of populations, which may be associated with their geographical origin (Brus et al, 2011;Santana, Torres, & Benedito, 2013;Costa et al, 2016;Khumaeva, Khabibov, & Muratchaeva, 2016;Rewicz, Bomanowska, Magda, & Rewicz, 2016;Pontes et al, 2018;Alfaro-Solís et al, 2020;Felix et al, Medeiros, Ferrari, Vieira, & Pacheco, 2020).…”

“…Traditionally, seed biometry is performed to measure seed dimensions manually using a caliper (Oliveira, Araújo-Neto, Cruz, & Ferreira, 2012;Santana et al, 2013;Costa et al, 2016;Dutra et al, 2017;Menegatti, Mantovani, Navroski, & Souza, 2017;Roveri-Neto & Paula, 2017;Santos et al, 2018;Correia, Felix, Araujo, Ferrari, & Pacheco, 2019;Zuffo et al, 2019). However, this method requires a lot of time to obtain a sufficient sample size and is susceptible to human errors.…”