A comparison of the effects of physical and chemical mutagens in sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)

Abstract

Three sesame genotypes (Rama, SI 1666 and IC 21706) were treated with physical (γ-rays: 200 Gy, 400 Gy or 600 Gy) or chemical (ethyl methane sulphonate, EMS: 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5% or 2.0%) mutagens and their mutagenic effectiveness and efficiency were estimated in the M 2 generation. The M 3 generation was used to identify the most effective mutagen and dose for induction of mutations. The average effectiveness of EMS was much higher than γ-rays. The lowest dose of γ-rays (200 Gy) and the lowest concentration of EMS (0.5%) showed the highest mutagenic efficiency in all genotypes. Analysis of the M 3 generation data based on parameters such as the variance ratio and the difference in residual variances derived from the model of Montalván and Ando indicated that 0.5% concentration of EMS was the most effective treatment for inducing mutations.

The mutagenic effect of hydroxylamine hydrochloride on the agronomic traits of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)

“…These findings agreed with those in mungbean (Roychowdhury et al, 2004), in black gram (Sharma et al, 2005; in cowpea (Dhanavel et al, 2008), in little millet (Ganapathy et al, 2008;Lal et al, 2009;Thilagavathi & Mullainathan, 2009) and in sesame (Ajibolu, 2005;Aliero, 2006;Begum & Dasgupta, 2010). The lowest concentration of the chemicals (0.01%) was the most effective in causing mutations.…”

Amelioration of seed yield, oil content and oil quality through induced mutagenesis in sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)

“…Mutagenesis offers a unique scope for creating variation, as it may alter even those genes that are common to all the varieties of a species. Induced mutation has been extensively and successfully used for the improvement of many crops including oilseed crop like sesame (Das and Haque 1997, Li and Chen 1998, Mehta and Singh 1998, Sorour et al 1999, Govindarasu and Ramamoorthi 2000, Sheeba et al 2003, 2005, Chowdhury et al 2009, Diouf et al 2010, Begum and Dasgupta 2010.…”

Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.): An Important Medicinal and Aromatic Crop

“…Also, the results show that the impact of chemical mutation is much more than physical one [18,[68][69][70][72][73][74]. Among chemical mutagens, it is observed that EMS can induce mutation successfully in the fenugreek [35,69,71].…”

“…Also the results of various studies show that more than one genotype should be used in mutation breeding program [60,74]. This is because diferent genotypes respond diferently to a mutagen.…”