Entre o êxito e a frustração com a sistematização da assistência de enfermagem

Abstract

Pesquisa qualitativa orientada pelos referenciais teórico-metodológicos: Interacionismo Simbólico e Grounded Theory para compreender o processo planejamento-implementação da Sistematização da Assistência de Enfermagem (SAE), segundo dois grupos amostrais: enfermeiros e auxiliares/técnicos de enfermagem de um hospital universitário, e desenvolver uma síntese dos modelos teóricos representativos dessas experiências. A saturação teórica configurou-se mediante a análise da 24ª entrevista não diretiva de 12 enfermeiros e de 12 técnicos de enfermagem, lotados em unidades de internação. Da análise emergiram dois modelos teóricos, cuja síntese originou o terceiro, intitulado "Entre o êxito e a frustração com a operacionalização da SAE: recursos humanos como componente determinante para a visibilidade do enfermeiro no processo de trabalho". Este modelo desvela o déficit de recursos humanos, impulsionando o enfermeiro a realizar uma SAE ilusória, e perpetuando um processo cíclico de sofrimento, por vivenciar a invisibilidade de sua práxis no processo de trabalho.

Processo de Enfermagem: instrumento da Sistematização da Assistência de enfermagem na percepção dos enfermeiros Nursing process: systematization of the nursing care instrument in the perception of nurses

“…About the difficulties the results are similar to other studies 3,14 : insufficient nursing human resources; workload of nurses; NCS production that makes the professional practice illusory of nurses; the lack of knowledge; the noninvolvement of the professionals in this process.…”

“…Although currently the Brazilian health organizations are burdened by the increased demand for services, which reflects the increasing workload, representing for the Brazilian Government facing a great challenge, which is the formulation of coherent policies of human resources for healthcare. 14 Among the various difficulties for the implementation of NP, inadequate conditions of work are translated as understaffed and lack of stimulus. The nurses want to practice all stages, planning, investigating, diagnosing and evaluating interventions, however, can't they find along the way, a series of factors that are distanced from the theory of practice, such as the deletion of one or another of its phases.…”

Perceptions of nursing professionals regarding the integration of nursing technicians in the systematization of care

“…2,4,14 These obstacles are also indicated in international studies, such as those carried out in Ethiopia 3 and Bolivia, 7 which emphasized the lack of resources, time and adequate knowledge as the main obstacles to the implementation of the NCS process.…”

“…This aspect is confirmed by other studies, which show a great lack of preparation of the team, especially nursing technicians, mainly due to a lack of knowledge about NCS. 1,8,9,14 The non-integration of nursing technicians in NCS can also contribute to the perpetuation of this lack of knowledge, which can be seen through the results of a study that aimed to evaluate the implementation process of NCS in a pediatric unit. It evidenced that participation in the initial implementation process included 90% of the nurses and 23.26% of the nursing technicians.…”

“…9 Consequently, the lack of knowledge on the topic generates disregard and a loss of the sense of action in nursing technicians. 14 However, it was possible to understand that the technicians had a positive perception about NCS, so that they elucidated in class 6 the "Potentials of NCS: seeking quality of the care". The words provide, affection, respect, duty and quality reveal these perceptions, which can be synthesized in the statement of Nursing Technician 4: "NCS is the way this care is provided, the quality of it".…”