Efeitos do conflito armado sobre a vida e a saúde na Colômbia

Franco, Saúl; Suarez, Clara Mercedes; Naranjo, Claudia; Báez, Liliana Carolina; Rozo, Patricia

doi:10.1590/s1413-81232006000500014

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Primero, las estadísticas vitales tienen problemas de cobertura por el eventual registro incompleto de los homicidios en el país, así como problemas por la mala clasificación de las muertes certificadas (19,35). Por otra parte, la comparación con otras fuentes de información, como el Instituto Nacional de Medicina Legal y Ciencias Forenses y la Policía Nacional de Colombia, podría evidenciar vacíos debido al registro de muertes que no fueron incluidas en las bases de datos del DANE.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Mortality by homicides in Colombia, 1998-2012

et al. 2016

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Introducción. El homicidio es un indicador universal de violencia social con grandes consecuencias en salud pública. Objetivo. Describir la mortalidad por homicidios, y analizar su tendencia y su distribución geográfica en Colombia entre 1998 y 2012. Materiales y métodos. Se hizo un estudio descriptivo basado en la información de las bases de datos sobre mortalidad y las proyecciones de población del Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadística, DANE. Se calcularon las tasas de mortalidad específica y ajustada por edad y sexo. Se analizó la distribución geográfica del promedio de tasas ajustadas a nivel municipal. Resultados. En Colombia se registraron 331.470 homicidios entre 1998 y 2012. La tasa cruda promedio fue de 51,5 por 100.000 habitantes: 95,9 en hombres y 8,2 en mujeres. A partir del 2003 se observó una disminución en el número de muertes y tasas de mortalidad. El 91,9 % de las víctimas fueron hombres. Las tasas de mortalidad más altas se observaron en el grupo de 20 a 29 años. El mecanismo más frecuentemente involucrado fue el arma de fuego: en ocho de cada diez homicidios en hombres y en siete de cada diez en mujeres. De los 1.122 municipios, 186 estaban en el quintil más alto y acumularon el 50,1 % de las defunciones. Conclusión. En Colombia los homicidios han sido una de las principales causas de muerte, con una distribución geográfica heterogénea y una tendencia hacia la reducción después de 2002. El análisis y la comprensión de este problema de salud pública exigen el uso de metodologías analíticas multidisciplinarias. Materials and methods:We conducted a descriptive study of deaths by homicide in Colombia between 1998 and 2012 using official mortality databases and the population projections of the Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadística, DANE. We calculated age-and sex-specific mortality rates, and we analyzed the geographical distribution of mean-adjusted homicide mortality rates at municipal level. Results: Between 1998 and 2012, 331,470 homicides were reported in Colombia. The mean crude rate was 51.5 per 100,000 inhabitants: 95.9 in men and 8.2 in women. Since 2003, a decrease in the number of deaths and rates was observed; 91.9% of the victims were men and the highest mortality rates were reported in the 20-29 years old group. The most frequently involved mechanism was the firearm: Eight of 10 homicides in men, and seven of 10 homicides in women. Out of 1,122 municipalities, 186 were in the highest quintile, accumulating 50.1% of all deaths. Conclusions: In Colombia, homicides have been one of the leading causes of death with a trend towards reduction since 2002. Its geographical distribution has been heterogeneous. To continue addressing this public health issue we must recur to multidisciplinary analytical methodologies for a better understanding of the phenomenon.

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Section: Discussionunclassified

Mortality by homicides in Colombia, 1998-2012

et al. 2016

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“…Já que os territórios de certos grupos podem prejudicar, através do aumento da violência urbana, a acessibilidade ao serviço de saúde. Desta forma, dificulta-se o cuidado e a continuidade dos tratamentos, gerando graves e complexas consequências à qualidade de vida, à atenção da saúde e à prevenção das doenças na população (14) . A Atenção Básica por ser a principal porta de entrada, tem um papel fundamental na resolutividade das demandas dos usuários, bem como, na realização de procedimentos necessários, a fim de promover a reabilitação da saúde (16) .…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Acessibilidade Ao Serviço De Saúde: Percepções De Usuários E Profissionais De Saúde

Silva¹,

Dias²,

Soares³

et al. 2011

Cogitare Enferm.

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RESUMO:Estudo qualitativo, objetivou conhecer a percepção dos usuários e profissionais de saúde sobre os fatores que dificultam a acessibilidade à Estratégia Saúde da Família. As informações foram coletadas por meio de entrevista semiestruturada junto a 27 profissionais e 16 usuários de 4 Unidades com Estratégia Saúde da Família. Como método de análise das informações coletadas utilizou-se a Análise de Conteúdo de Bardin. Os resultados demonstraram que, na percepção dos profissionais e usuários, os principais empecilhos para o acesso ao serviço foram a localização da unidade, as características geográficas locais, o transporte, a delimitação inadequada do território de abrangência, a falta e o despreparo dos profissionais e, finalmente, a violência urbana. Nota-se que, embora a Estratégia Saúde da Família deva ser organizada com base na perspectiva territorial, na prática, o mapeamento da situação de saúde é realizado sem que se tenha uma compreensão do território em suas múltiplas peculiaridades. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Acesso aos serviços de saúde; Programa saúde da família; Territorialidade; Saúde Pública. THE ACCESSIBILITY OF THE HEALTH SERVICE: USERS' AND HEALTH CARE PROFESSIONALS' PERCEPTIONSABSTRACT: This qualitative study aimed to understand how factors which hinder access to the Family Health Strategy are seen by health service users and health care professionals. The data was collected through semi-structured interviews with 27 health care professionals and 16 health service users of four Family Health Strategy units, and was analysed using Bardin's thematic content analysis. The results showed that in the perception of health service users and professionals alike, the principal obstacles to accessing the service were the unit's location, the local geographical characteristics, transport, inadequate clarification of the area covered by the unit, the lack or unpreparedness of the health care professionals, and -finally -urban violence. It is noted that although the Family Health Strategy is meant to be organized based on a territorial perspective, in practice the mapping out of the health situation is done without a full comprehension of areas' multiple characteristics.

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“…Studies linking mobility and epidemics are relevant for the aim of this study, since victims fleeing an armed conflict, mostly IDPs, could introduce diseases to populations in the arrival places, which would never have occurred if the conflict had not existed [25,26]. Furthermore, their low living standards and their associated lifestyles, such as a low nutritional intake, limited access to healthcare and services, exclusion from the public health system, and low sanitary conditions, lead to a particular morbidity profile [9,10,16,18].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, most of the causes of death for children under five years are preventable, including nutritional deficiencies, gastroenteritis, and dehydration. The World Health Organization [18] highlights three examples of increased infant mortality during conflicts due to communicable diseases: (1) measles, tetanus, and diphtheria became epidemics in Uganda during the mid-1980s, producing infant mortality rates twice as high as the total national rates; (2) in Zepa, perinatal and childhood mortality rates doubled during the Bosnia and Herzegovina conflict; and (3) in Sarajevo, the average birthweight fell by 20% in 1993 as a consequence of the doubling rate of premature births.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of the largest demographic effects of this persistent and intense conflict is that Colombia has the second largest IDP in the world, with over six million people, many of whom were also forced into dispossession [18]. When IDPs arrive at their destination, they live in poverty, despite the social welfare programs that are implemented [23], since those programs are insufficient to provide for all the basic needs of forced migrants, and no health prevention program targets this particular population and their needs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Morbi-Mortality of the Victims of Internal Conflict and Poor Population in the Risaralda Province, Colombia

Rentería-Ramos

Hurtado-Heredia

Urdinola

2019

IJERPH

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This work studies the health status of two populations similar in most social and environmental interactions but one: the individuals from one population are victims of an internal armed conflict. Both populations are located in the Risaralda province, Colombia and the data for this study results from a combination of administrative records from the health system, between 2011 and 2016. We implemented a methodology based on graph theory that defines the system as a set of heterogeneous social actors, including individuals as well as organizations, embedded in a biological environment. The model of analysis uses the diagnoses in medical records to detect morbidity and mortality patterns for each individual (ego-networks), and assumes that these patterns contain relevant information about the effects of the actions of social actors, in a given environment, on the status of health. The analysis of the diagnoses and causes of specific mortality, following the Social Network Analysis framework, shows similar morbidity and mortality rates for both populations. However, the diagnoses’ patterns show that victims portray broader interactions between diagnoses, including mental and behavioral disorders, due to the hardships of this population.

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Efeitos do conflito armado sobre a vida e a saúde na Colômbia

Abstract: This article is an approach to the consequences of the internal armed conflict that

Cited by 9 publications

References 1 publication

Mortality by homicides in Colombia, 1998-2012

Mortality by homicides in Colombia, 1998-2012

Acessibilidade Ao Serviço De Saúde: Percepções De Usuários E Profissionais De Saúde

Morbi-Mortality of the Victims of Internal Conflict and Poor Population in the Risaralda Province, Colombia

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