As políticas públicas e os projetos de assentamento

Abstract

ResumoPara analisar a relação existente entre as políticas públicas e os projetos de assentamento para a reforma agrária, investigaram-se as crenças e as expectativas de assentados, bem como de técnicos do INCRA da Paraíba, sobre as políticas públicas direcionadas para o desenvolvimento rural, especificamente para os projetos de assentamento. Participaram deste estudo 4 agentes de desenvolvimento rural do INCRA e 52 assentados, compondo um total de 56 participantes. Os resultados indicaram que assentados e técnicos apresentaram crenças de que a organização do assentamento em forma de parcela é mais adequada para o seu bom funcionamento do que em forma de agrovila. Os assentados opinaram que mantêm pouca relação com os pequenos produtores seus vizinhos, descrevendo-os como preconceituosos. Os dois grupos de participantes crêem que o PRONAF traz poucos benefícios, maior dificuldade na forma de pagamento, morosidade na aprovação dos projetos e na liberação do fomento, em comparação com o programa de crédito anterior, o PROCERA. Assentados e técnicos convergem no sentido de atribuir um papel de assistência técnica aos agentes de desenvolvimento rural do INCRA, no que diz respeito à organização das atividades agropecuárias, implementação de associação e cooperativa no assentamento, bem como na sua estrutura social. Não obstante, os participantes apresentam a crença de que o Estado deve assumir o papel de gerenciador das condições necessárias para o bom funcionamento do assentamento.Palavras-chave: reforma agrária; políticas públicas; assentamentos. AbstractPublic policies and settlement projects. To analyze the existing relationship between public policies and settlement projects for agricultural reform, we investigated the beliefs and the expectations of settlers as well as those of the Paraíba INCRA's technicians, in terms of public policies towards rural development, as regards settlement projects. The study group was made out of 4 INCRA rural development agents and 52 settlers, thus producing a sample of 56 members. The results showed that settlers and technicians believe that the parcel shape of the settlement organization runs better than the agro-villa format. Settlers say that they maintain a poor relationship with their neighboring small growers, while describing them as prejudiced people. The two groups of partakers believe that PRONAF brings few benefits, a higher difficulty in the way of payment and slowness in the approval of the projects and the liberation of resources, if compared to PROCERA, the previous program of credit. Settlers and technicians agree on attributing the role of technical assistance to the INCRA rural development agents, as regards the organization of agricultural and cattle raising activities, implementation of the association and cooperative settlement, and also in terms of social structure. However, partakers believe that the State should play such a role as to manage the required conditions towards a better running of the settlement.Key-words: agricultural reform; public policies...

Sociodrama about planning the future with young settlers:meetings and farewells

“…A saudade e a preocupação sentida pelos pais ou responsáveis pelos jovens que estudam em outras cidades, por outro lado, apareceram em estudos em comunidades rurais (Albuquerque, Coelho & Vasconcelos, 2004;Schapuiz & Hadler, 2013).…”

Reflexões acerca da integralidade nas reformas sanitária e agrária

“…17 Some authors consider that the struggle for land in Brazil begun with the occupation of the Portuguese and is marked by the end of slavery with the threat of the slaves themselves becoming owners. Land no longer was acquired by possession and, therefore, began to be sold.…”

“…Hence, this issue may be seen as a historic pendency in Brazil. [17][18] The emergence of peasant leagues from the Northeast is observed at the end of the 1950s, which boosted the struggle for agrarian reform. In the 1960s, the military government promoted the modernization of latifundia* instead of providing incentives to small farmers, which favored migration of these farmers to cosmopolitan centers.…”

“…In the 1960s, the military government promoted the modernization of latifundia* instead of providing incentives to small farmers, which favored migration of these farmers to cosmopolitan centers. [17][18] * T.N. Latifundia refers to great landed estate that belongs to one single person, family or company and is characterized by insufficient exploration of resources.…”

“…The Movement of Landless Rural Workers (MST) stands out in this context. [17][18] This excluding economic model speeds up the need for an Agrarian Reform Program and landholding interventions that give rise to the settlement project of the National Institute of Colonization and Agrarian Reform (INCRA). 18 Agrarian Reform is a package of measures aimed to promote better distribution of land by changing ownership and use, generating social justice, progress and well being for rural workers and economic development for the country.…”