Background People living in settlement projects represent an emergent rural population in Brazil. Data on their health is scarce and there are no data on viral hepatitis in this population. This study investigated the epidemiology of viral hepatitis A-E in residents of settlement projects in central Brazil. Methods During 2011 and 2012, 923 people living in rural settlements in central Brazil were interviewed and tested to estimate the prevalence of exposure to viral hepatitis A-E, to identify the circulating hepatitis B virus (HBV)/hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotypes and risk factors for HBV exposure and to evaluate adherence to the hepatitis B vaccination series. Results Overall, 85.9, 3.9, 0.4 and 17.3% of individuals showed evidence of exposure to hepatitis A virus (HAV), hepatitis E virus, HCV and HBV, respectively. Among HBV-DNA positive samples (n=8), subgenotypes A1 (n=3) and A2 (n=1) and genotype D/subgenotype D3 (n=4) were identified. Hepatitis D virus superinfection was detected in 0/16 HBsAg-positive participants. A total of 229 individuals showed serological evidence of HBV vaccination. In total, 442 settlers were eligible for vaccination, but only 150 individuals completed the vaccine series. All anti-HCV-positive samples (n=4) were also HCV-RNA positive and identified as subtype 1a. Conclusions The intermediate endemicity of HAV, the higher prevalence of HBV exposure compared with urban areas and the low compliance with HBV vaccination requires preventive measures focused on rural populations, emphasizing the need for HAV and HBV vaccination.
Objetivo: avaliar de modo formativo um processo de intervenção educativa sobre dermatite associada à incontinência com profissionais de enfermagem de um hospital público. Método: estudo de intervenção educativa, com abordagem qualitativa, realizado em 2017, com sete profissionais da equipe de enfermagem do setor de clínica médica, de um hospital universitário da Região Centro-Oeste do Brasil. Investigada amostra não probabilística por conveniência. Os encontros foram gravados na sua totalidade em áudio e para tratamento dos dados utilizou-se a técnica de análise de conteúdo. Estudo aprovado por Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa. Resultados: nos depoimentos foram identificadas as seguintes categorias temáticas: curiosidade epistemológica, pesquisa/investigaçao, avaliação e alegria. Conclusão: os participantes relataram ter compreendido o tema, bem como afirmaram que a condução dos encontros oorreu de forma eficiente, alegre e dinâmica. Destaca-se que os profissionais realizaram discussão sobre o problema, mobilizando o grupo para reflexão e mudança das práticas de cuidados em saúde.
This reflective essay aimed to discuss agrarian and healthcare reforms from the perspective of the integrality of healthcare delivered to settlement families. Through this study, we determined that both the agrarian and healthcare reforms were intended, from their conception, to reduce social injustice, achieving the integrality and well-being of individuals and their families, whether in the context of agrarian reform, focused on landless individuals and their families, or in the context of healthcare reform, focused on individuals and families in general. Uncoordinated and disconnected actions, based on economic interests, were observed in both contexts of political and social reforms, contributing to the exclusion of the rural population from the scope of healthcare, especially depriving them of integral actions. DESCRIPTORS:Comprehensive healthcare. Healthcare reform. Rural settlement. REFLEXÕES ACERCA DA INTEGRALIDADE NAS REFORMASSANITÁRIA E AGRÁRIA RESUMO: Trata-se de um ensaio reflexivo com o objetivo de discutir as reformas agrária e sanitária do ponto de vista da integralidade da atenção à saúde das famílias assentadas. No desenvolvimento desta reflexão identificou-se que tanto a reforma agrária quanto a sanitária apresentaram, desde sua concepção, o desejo por diminuir as injustiças sociais, alcançar a integralidade e o bem-estar dos indivíduos e famílias, seja no contexto da primeira, voltada para os indivíduos e famílias sem terra, ou da segunda, voltada para todos os indivíduos e famílias em geral. Entretanto observou-se nestes dois contextos de reforma política e social ações desintegradas e desarticuladas, pautadas em interesses econômicos, corroborando para a marginalização da população rural no âmbito da atenção à saúde e principalmente da integralidade desta. DESCRITORES:Assistência integral à saúde. Reforma dos serviços de saúde. Assentamentos rurais. REFLEXIONES ACERCA DE LA INTEGRALIDAD EN LAS REFORMAS SANITARIA Y AGRARIARESUMEN: Se trata de un ensayo reflexivo que tiene como objetivo discutir las reformas agraria y sanitaria, desde el punto de vista de la integralidad de la atención a la salud de las familias asentadas. En el desarrollo de esta reflexión se identificó que tanto la reforma agraria como la sanitaria, presentaron desde su concepción el deseo de disminuir las injusticias sociales, alcanzar la integralidad y el bienestar de los sujetos y familias, ya sea en el contexto de la primera, destinada para los sujetos y familias sin tierra, o de la segunda, destinada para todos los sujetos y familias en general. Por lo tanto se observó en estos dos contextos de reforma política y social acciones desintegradas y desarticuladas, pautadas en intereses económicos, corroborando para la marginalización de la población rural en el ámbito del atendimiento a la salud y principalmente de la integralidad de ésta. DESCRIPTORES:Asistencia integral a la salud. Reforma de los servicios de salud. Asentamientos rurales.
Objectives: To describe and evaluate, in a formative way, an educational intervention carried out through social media on incontinence-associated dermatitis with nursing professionals from a public hospital. Method: Educational intervention study with a qualitative approach conducted in a virtual way through the social media Instagram as a platform for the dissemination of course content on the subject. Data collection was carried out with 30 nursing professionals from the medical clinic and adult intensive care unit of a public teaching hospital in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, between February and March 2022. Data were collected during the course and analysed through content analysis and according to Ausubel’s meaningful learning theoretical framework perspective. Results: From the analysis of the participants’ comments, four thematic categories emerged: anchoring; subordinated meaningful learning; discovery learning; and evaluation of the teaching- learning process. Conclusion: Through the results found, it was identified that the educational intervention conducted was successful in terms of sharing evidence on the subject to the participants. It was found that the Instagram can be adopted as a tool to carry out educational actions, including in a hospital environment.
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