A utilização de serviços de saúde por acidentados de trabalho

Abstract

Neste estudo descrevem-se as características da utilização de serviços de saúde por trabalhadores que sofreram acidentes de trabalho. Os dados provêm das três primeiras fases de um estudo de coorte de base comunitária sobre saúde e trabalho, iniciado no ano 2000, e conduzido com todos os trabalhadores de 2.512 famílias selecionadas por amostragem aleatória de conglomerado, de estágio único, residentes na cidade de Salvador, Bahia. Entrevistas individuais foram empregadas para a coleta de dados. Nesta pesquisa analisaram-se os trabalhadores (n = 628) que referiram ter sofrido acidente de trabalho nos 12 meses antes da entrevista. Observou-se que cerca de metade dos casos de acidentes recebeu primeiros socorros e tratamento médico. A maioria (71%) foi atendida em unidades do SUS. Cerca de 15% tiveram o atendimento pago por planos de saúde privados. Observou-se também que a maioria referiu alta satisfação com o atendimento, tanto em serviços públicos como privados. Entre os usuários do SUS, predominaram os trabalhadores sem carteira assinada, mas trabalhadores segurados também utilizaram os serviços públicos em sua maioria. Concluiu-se que o SUS tem expressiva participação no atendimento de acidentados do trabalho, independentemente da condição de cobertura por planos de saúde.

Acidentes de trabalho autorreferidos pela população adulta brasileira, segundo dados da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde, 2013

“…This proportion is consistent with the literature: VIVA data shows that 31.3% of transport accidents were work-related 4 . The PNS also showed that occupational accidents are more likely to occur among young black males (aged up to 39 years) with a lower level of education, which corroborates other studies that highlight the influence of socioeconomic status on the occurrence of occupational accidents, suggesting that young people aged between 30 and 39 years, black or brown men, and people with a lower level of education are more vulnerable to occupational accidents 7,8 . This group is probably more vulnerable because its members are more likely to carry out activities that do not require qualification and which are therefore often more dangerous and have greater exposure to the risk of accidents showed a similar situation, but among women.…”

“…This group is probably more vulnerable because its members are more likely to carry out activities that do not require qualification and which are therefore often more dangerous and have greater exposure to the risk of accidents showed a similar situation, but among women. A total of 628 workers mentioned having suffered an occupational accident, most of whom were women (64%), young people between the age of 18 and 30 years (41.6%), black (66.4%), had a low level of education (51.4%) and socioeconomic status (55.1%), and did not have a formal work contract (54.3%) 7 . Other studies that analyzed MPS data also found that level of education and income were predictors of occupational accidents, while variables such as age, race/color, and lifestyles lost their significance after weighting for level of education and income 19 , showing that socioeconomic status is a determinant of occupational accidents, confirming the findings of the PNS related to the variable low level of education and black/ brown skin color.…”

“…However, these figures underestimate the real situation, since they do not consider the costs of work-related accidents and diseases in the informal sector, which are borne by the Unified Health System (Sistema Único de Saúde -SUS) 6 . A study conducted in Salvador, the capital of the State of Bahia 7 , found that 31.6% of cases treated in emergency departments were work-related. Studies carried out using data on the country's emergency services from the Violence and Accident Surveillance System (Vigilância de Acidentes e Violências -VIVA) collected in 2008 and 2011 showed that almost one third of cases from external causes were due to occupational accidents 4 .…”

“…Worldwide, occupational accidents account for the majority of deaths and severe disabilities caused by work. However, the official statistics of many countries do not differentiate between work-related accidents and occupational illnesses 7 . The occupational accidents mortality rate is around 13.2/100,000 workers, while the annual cumulative incidence of nonfatal work-related accidents is between 3% and 6% 5 .…”

Incidence of severe work-related injuries among young adult workers in Brazil: analysis of compensation data

“…These data come from administrative sources and are restricted to insured workers, a population that represents only one third of the workers in Brazil,6 which limits generalisation to the entire working population of this age range. In Brazil, data from household surveys show that injured workers even fulfilling all requirements did not receive compensation benefits28; 29 therefore, our results are an underestimation of the problem. The cases in the data source are limited to more severe events, that is, those resulting in at least 15 disability work days.…”