Surface characterization of titanium Based dental implants

2012

We present a detailed investigation of the surface characteristics of five commercial titanium implants with different surface finishing (double acid etching, anodization and incorporation of Ca/P, acid etching and deposition of Ca/P, hydroxyapatite-blasting, acid etching and Ca/P-blasting) produced by five different manufacturers. A set of experimental techniques were employed to study the surface chemical composition and morphology: XPS, XRD, SEM, EDS, and AFM. According to the implat manufacturers, the addition of Ca and P at the implant surface is a main feature of these implants (except the double acid etched implant, which was included for comparative purpose). However, the results showed a great discrepancy on the final amount of these elements on the implant surface, which suggests a different effectiveness of the employed surface finishing methods to fix those elements on the implant surface. Our results show that only the method used by the manufacturer of hydroxyapatite-blasting surface finished implants was efficient to produce a hydroxyapatite coating. This group also showed the highest roughness parameters.

Section: Xps Analysissupporting

confidence: 80%

“…Previous studies on the surface chemistry of machined, turned and blasted implants have reported Ti, O and C as major elements 10,11,22,23 . The chemistry-modified implants have revealed the presence of Ca, P, Mg, S, F, and Na in association with the used surface finishing methods 10,22,24 .…”

Section: Xps Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical and topographic analysis of treated surfaces of five different commercial dental titanium implants

Pedrosa

2012

“…It was previously observed, by using XPS analysis, that dental implants surfaces treated only by sandblasting and acid etching consists of oxidized titanium 37 . TiO 2 can exist in three crystalline forms named anatase, rutile, and brookite, all with different physical properties.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of different acid etchings on the superficial characteristics of Ti sandblasted with Al2O3

Leão

2013

Some implant manufactures use Al 2 O 3 instead TiO 2 powder to sandblast the machined dental implant, because Al 2 O 3 powder is commercially more easily available and is cheaper than TiO 2 powder. However, Al 2 O 3 powder usually leaves aluminum oxide contamination on the surface, which is potentially toxic. In this work, we subjected Ti discs previously sandblasted with Al 2 O 3 powder to 5 different acid etchings in order to verify which treatment is able to remove incorporated particles of Al 2 O 3 from the surface. One group of samples were only sandblasted and served as control. The samples were analyzed by electron microscopy (SEM, EDS), scanning probe microscopy, and grazing incidence XRD. The control group showed presence of Al 2 O 3 on the surface. Three acid etchings were efficient in removing the alumina from the tested samples. Almost all the tested samples showed higher roughness parameters values than the control samples. Titanium hydride was found in almost all test groups. Moreover, the results suggest that there is no incorporation of the whole Al 2 O 3 particle into the titanium surface after the collision, conversely a particle fragmentation occurs and what remains on the titanium surface are Al 2 O 3 residues.

“…The result (about 60%/40%) agrees with the mass percentage of the TiO 2 , the main component of a typical titanium oxide passivation layer. It was previously observed, by using XPS analysis, that dental implants surfaces treated only by sandblasting and acid-etching consists of oxidized titanium 29 . Moreover, TiO 2 can exist in three crystalline forms called anatase, rutile, and brookite, all with different physical properties.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of the influence of acid etching treatments on the superficial characteristics of Ti

2014

Modifications in texture and surface chemistry are commonly used to increase the biologic response to implants. We evaluated the influence of five different acid etching treatments on the chemical and topographical superficial characteristics of cpTi grade IV discs (test groups). One group of samples were only polished (control group). The samples were analyzed by electron microscopy (SEM, EDS), atomic force microscopy, and grazing incidence XRD. The acid etching treatments which produced higher values for the amplitude roughness parameters showed a combination of strong acids (HF and HCl/H 2 SO 4 ) at high concentrations, with a relatively high temperature (≥ 60 °C) for a considerable time (≥ 60 min). Titanium and oxygen were the only elements detected by EDS on the surface in all groups, whereas titanium hydride was detected when the samples were analyzed by GIXRD. Only the group subjected to thermal treatment showed presence of rutile phase on the surface.