Fornecimento de volumoso para bezerros pré-ruminantes

Lizieire, Rosane Scatamburlo; Cunha, Daniel de Noronha Figueiredo Vieira da; Martuscello, Janaína Azevedo; Campos, Oriel Fajardo de

doi:10.1590/s0103-84782002000500015

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…Forage intake is important to promote rumen wall muscular growth and maintain ruminal epithelium health (Quigley, 1996a). Lizieri et al (2002) observed a lower starter intake when star-grass pasture or alfalfa hay was available during the milk feeding phase. According to those authors, hay feeding may reduce starter intake as a result of the low intake capacity, being recommended only after weaning.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 81%

Performance and plasma metabolites of dairy calves fed starter containing sodium butyrate, calcium propionate or sodium monensin

Ferreira

Bittar

2011

Animal

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This study was conducted to examine the influence of supplementation of sodium butyrate, sodium monensin or calcium propionate in a starter diet on the performance and selected plasma metabolites (plasma glucose, non-esterified fatty acids and b-hydroxybutyrate) of Holstein calves during pre-and post-weaning periods. Twenty-four newborn Holstein calves were housed in individual hutches until 10 weeks of life, receiving water free choice, and fed four liters of milk daily. Calves were blocked according to weight and date of birth, and allocated to one of the following treatments, according to the additive in the starter: (i) sodium butyrate (150 g/kg); (ii) sodium monensin (30 mg/kg); and (iii) calcium propionate (150 g/kg). During 10 weeks, calves received starter ad libitum, while coast cross hay (Cynodon dactylon (L.) pers.) was offered after weaning, which occurred at the 8th week of age. Weekly, calves were weighted and evaluated for body measurements. Blood samples were taken weekly after the fourth week of age, 2 hours after the morning feeding, for determination of plasma metabolites. No differences were observed among treatments for starter or hay intake, BW and daily gain of the animals. Mean concentrations of selected plasma metabolites were similar in calves fed a starter supplemented with sodium butyrate, sodium monensin and calcium propionate. There was significant reduction in the concentrations of plasma glucose as calves aged. The inclusion of sodium butyrate, calcium propionate or sodium monensin as additives in starter feeds resulted in equal animal performance, before and after weaning, suggesting that sodium monensin may be replaced by organic acid salts. Keywords: additives, early weaning, ionophores, ruminal development ImplicationsThis study was conducted to evaluate organic acid salts inclusion in calf starters as a replacement to the traditional use of ionophore, since these antibiotics were banned as growth promoters in the European Union. Since all commercial starters include ionophores, an alternative additive that could result in the same pattern of animal performance should be studied. The organic acid salts were chosen because they lack the antibiotic effect but could have beneficial effects on the rumen development processes. In addition, as seen in the non-ruminant industry, acidified feeds may have a beneficial effect on the health of the lower gastrointestinal tract. IntroductionCalf rumen development, crucial for the early weaning program, is strongly related to the intake of fermentable organic matter and the resulting short-chain fatty acids (SCFA; Greenwood et al., 1997). Ruminal metabolism studies have pointed out butyric and propionic acids as the main stimuli for rumen development and the maturation process , which suggests that additives that furnish higher SCFA concentrations or alter the rumen fermentation pattern may be used as a tool for reducing the milk feeding period.The inclusion of ionophores in ruminant diets has shown changes in the SCFA concentrations, mainl...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 81%

Performance and plasma metabolites of dairy calves fed starter containing sodium butyrate, calcium propionate or sodium monensin

Ferreira

Bittar

2011

Animal

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“…O peso ao desaleitamento situou-se acima dos 58,0 kg e dos 56,3 kg observados, respectivamente, por Lizieire et al (2002) e Cunha et al (2002, em bezerros mestiços Holandês × Zebu manejados de forma semelhante aos deste estudo.…”

Section: Tabela 1 -Dados Meteorológicos Obtidos Durante O Período Expunclassified

“…Da nona à décima semana de vida, o consumo diário de concentrado foi inferior aos 1.851 g observados por Campos et al (2004), em bezerros mantidos em abrigos móveis, entretanto, foi superior aos 1.297 g obtidos por Lizieire et al (2002) em bezerros mantidos em baias individuais. Em regiões de clima temperado, bezerros mantidos em abrigos móveis apresentam, em geral, consumo de concentrado semelhante (Murley & Culvahouse, 1958;Willett et al, 1968;Jorgenson et al, 1970;Fiems et al, 1998) ou superior (Mcknight, 1978) ao daqueles criados em baias.…”

Section: Tabela 1 -Dados Meteorológicos Obtidos Durante O Período Expunclassified

“…O valor de eficiência alimentar observado durante o período de aleitamento foi superior ao de 0,530 encontrado por Lizieire et al (2002) para animais nesta fase. Da nona à décima semana, no entanto, esses autores observaram valor de eficiência alimentar de 0,400, superior ao encontrado neste ensaio.…”

Section: Tabela 1 -Dados Meteorológicos Obtidos Durante O Período Expunclassified

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Desempenho, variáveis fisiológicas e comportamento de bezerros mantidos em diferentes instalações: época chuvosa

Cunha¹,

Campos

Pereira³

et al. 2007

R. Bras. Zootec.

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RESUMO -Objetivou-se avaliar o desempenho, o conforto térmico e o comportamento de bezerros mestiços Holandês × Zebu mantidos em abrigos móveis, sob sombrites ou a céu aberto durante a estação chuvosa do ano (dezembro a abril). Foram utilizados 24 bezerros mestiços do nascimento aos 70 dias de idade, distribuídos em blocos casualizados, nas seguintes instalações: abrigos móveis, telas de polipropileno e a céu aberto. Os animais mantidos a céu aberto apresentaram, à tarde, maior temperatura retal e maior frequência respiratória. Não foi observada influência dos tipos de instalação sobre as variáveis relacionadas ao comportamento, entretanto, os bezerros mantidos em abrigos móveis passaram a maior parte do tempo do lado de fora das instalações. As instalações não afetaram o desempenho dos animais. Nos três tipos de instalação, no período da tarde, os bezerros elevaram a frequência respiratória acima da faixa considerada fisiologicamente normal, o que caracteriza condição de desconforto térmico. Bezerros permanecem a maior parte do tempo do lado de fora dos abrigos móveis, mesmo nos horários de radiação solar mais intensa ou durante as horas de chuva. Bezerros mantidos em abrigos individuais, sob sombrites ou a céu aberto apresentam desempenhos semelhantes.Palavras-chave: abrigos móveis, consumo, frequência respiratória, ganho de peso, temperatura retal Performance, physiological and behavioral measurements of dairy calves in different housing systems: rainy season ABSTRACT -The objective of this trial was to evaluate performance, thermal comfort and behavior of crossbred Holstein x Zebu dairy calves kept in different housing systems during the rainy season (December to April). Twentyfour calves were raised from birth to 70 days of age in one of the following housing systems: hutches; shadecloth; or no shelter. Rectal temperature and respiratory rate measurements were taken twice a day (8:00 AM and 3:00 PM) when calves were 1, 4 and 9 weeks old. Respiratory rate was measured counting the number of respiratory movements per minute and rectal temperatures were taken with clinical thermometers. Behavior evaluation was done by visual observation of the animals every 10 min for a period of 24 h. There were no differences among the housing systems on body weight, average daily weight gain, starter intake and feed efficiency. Calves raised with no shelter showed increased rectal temperatures at the afternoon. It can be concluded that use of hutches might not be necessary considering that calves spent most of their time outside. Calves raised with no shelter had higher rectal temperatures and respiratory rates and were unable to maintain these variables under physiological conditions. Calves performance was satisfactory in all three housing systems evaluated.Key Words: hutches, intake, rectal temperature, respiratory rate, weight gain IntroduçãoA desregulamentação do mercado de leite e a abertura do comércio internacional de produtos lácteos na década de 90 forçaram os produtores brasileiros a se modernizarem rapidamente n...

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“…Coelho (1999) observaram em bezerros da raça Holandesa criados em galpões no período após o desaleitamento (9 a e 10 a semanas) ganho de peso diário inferior a 874 g. Em geral, bezerros holandeses sob aleitamento artificial obtêm, em média, ganhos de peso superiores aos de mestiços Holandês × Zebu. O consumo diário de concentrado durante o período de aleitamento (2-8 semanas) foi próximo aos 347 g observados por Lizieire et al (2002), que utilizaram bezerros mestiços Holandês × Zebu mantidos em baias individuais de alvenaria. É importante ressaltar que, no momento do desaleitamento, o consumo médio de concentrado dos bezerros mantidos em abrigos móveis (610 g/animal/dia) estava abaixo dos 700 g/animal/dia preconizados por Quigley (1996) como suficientes para garantir desenvolvimento adequado dos animais.…”

Section: Temperature-humidity Index (Thi) and Black Globe Humidity-inunclassified

Desempenho, variáveis fisiológicas e comportamento de bezerros mantidos em diferentes instalações: época seca

Cunha¹,

Campos

Pereira³

et al. 2007

R. Bras. Zootec.

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were raised from birth to 70 days of age in one of the following housing systems: (1 -hutches; 2 -shadecloth; or 3 -with no shelter. Calves raised with no shelter showed higher rectal temperatures and respiratory rates in the afternoon. It was also observed that calves spend most of the time outside the hutches. There were no differences among housing systems for behavior measurements as well as for body weight, average daily weight gain, starter intake, and feed efficiency. In all three housing systems calves used their latent heat loss mechanisms by increasing respiratory rates above normal range in the afternoon.Calves raised with no shelter showed increased rectal temperatures and respiratory rates and were not able to maintain these variables within normal physiological range. No significant differences in calf performance were observed across the three housing systems in the present study.

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Fornecimento de volumoso para bezerros pré-ruminantes

Abstract: RESUMO O presente trabalho avaliou a performance de bezerros mestiços HolandêsxZebu, do nascimento aos 90 dias de idade, desaleitados aos 56 dias, com acesso ou não a volumoso. O ensaio foi conduzido na Estação Experimental de Itaguaí da PESAGRO-RIO, em Seropédica, RJ, no

Cited by 11 publications

References 8 publications

Performance and plasma metabolites of dairy calves fed starter containing sodium butyrate, calcium propionate or sodium monensin

Performance and plasma metabolites of dairy calves fed starter containing sodium butyrate, calcium propionate or sodium monensin

Desempenho, variáveis fisiológicas e comportamento de bezerros mantidos em diferentes instalações: época chuvosa

Desempenho, variáveis fisiológicas e comportamento de bezerros mantidos em diferentes instalações: época seca

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