Predação de sementes de plantas daninhas em áreas cultivadas

Balbinot, Alvadi Antônio; Fleck, Nilson Gilberto; Agostinetto, Dirceu; Rizzardi, Mauro Antônio

doi:10.1590/s0103-84782002000400027

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 19 publications

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“…Any event that interferes with the number of seeds produced and added to the bank directly affects the density, the arrangement and the proportion of weeds infesting an area of future crops (Balbinot Jr. et al, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of Ryegrass Seed Banks Depending on Soil Tillage and Crops

et al. 2015

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-The seed bank is characterized by the amount of seeds and other viable reproductive structures in the soil and it is changed by the input and output of seeds, being classified by its permanence in the soil as transient or permanent. The tillage and crops used decisively influence this dynamic and more disturbed areas tend to have richer seed banks. The purpose of this study was to test different soil tillage and crop systems, aiming to reduce or eliminate the ryegrass in the area. The experiment was conducted from 2010 to 2012. In the first year, the effect of chemical tillage was assessed, compared to the area without tillage. From the second year on, in the area that received chemical tillage, the second experiment was installed, where it was assessed the effect of soil tillage and crop rotation in the ryegrass seed yield. The soil tillage treatment was chisel plow and non-chisel plow. The crop rotation was: fallow/ soybean; wheat/soybean; black oat/maize. The samples of soil were taken three times a year and split in 0-5, 5-10, 10-15 and 15-20 cm. After sampling, the seeds were separated from the soil and sterilized. Afterwards, germination and tetrazolium test were conducted. In the same plots used for soil sampling, the emergence flow of ryegrass was assessed in the winter 2011 and 2012. In the first year it was observed that chemical tillage had considerably reduced the amount of ryegrass in the soil. The crop rotations used were more effective than soil tillage in reducing the seed banks in the soil. The rotation oat/maize and wheat/soybean, in only two years, practically zeroed the ryegrass seed banks in the area.Keywords: seed dormancy, chiseling, seeds viability, weeds. de culturas foram: pousio/soja, trigo/soja,[5][6][7][8][9][10][10][11][12][13][14][15] RESUMO -O banco de sementes é composto por sementes e estruturas de reprodução viáveis

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of Ryegrass Seed Banks Depending on Soil Tillage and Crops

et al. 2015

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Variação do tamanho de sementes de plantas daninhas e sua influência nos padrões de emergência das plântulas

Araldi¹,

Velini

Gomes

et al. 2013

Planta daninha

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Estudos relacionados ao tamanho de sementes e sua influência no processo germinativo de plantas daninhas são necessários devido à grande importância das espécies e à escassez de informações relacionadas à produção de sementes dessas plantas. Dessa forma, este trabalho objetivou estudar a variação do tamanho de sementes de 12 espécies de plantas daninhas e a emergência de duas dessas espécies semeadas em diferentes profundidades. Foi mensurado o peso unitário de 200 sementes por espécie de planta daninha selecionada e estabelecidas curvas de distribuição das frequências não acumuladas para o peso das sementes das espécies, utilizando-se o modelo de Gompertz. Após a classificação por tamanho (pequenas, médias e grandes), sementes de Ipomoea purpurea e Brachiaria decumbens foram semeadas em campo, em canteiros de 1,2 m², em diferentes profundidades no solo (2, 4, 6, 8 e 10 cm) de cada tratamento (profundidade); efetuaram-se quatro repetições. De maneira geral, no primeiro estudo, os resultados indicaram que não há como se referir ao peso de sementes das espécies de plantas daninhas estudadas considerando-se apenas a média dessa característica, devido à variação que pode ser encontrada. Essa grande variação no tamanho das sementes pode estar associada, também, a variações nos padrões de emergência, o que foi verificado no segundo estudo para a espécie I. purpurea. O índice de velocidade de emergência para I. purpurea foi maior para 4 cm de profundidade nas sementes pequenas, 8 cm nas sementes médias e de 6 a 10 cm de profundidade nas sementes grandes.

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Quantitative and qualitative analyses of weed seed banks of different agroecosystems

Ferreira¹,

Purissimo²,

Rafael³

et al. 2014

Afr. J. Agric. Res.

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One of the main survival mechanisms of weeds in constantly disturbed environments, specially the annual weeds, is their high production of seeds. In this study it was intended to evaluate the influence of different agroecosystems (vegetable garden, pasture, native field, soybean, dry bean and corn) on the strength of the seed bank, making quantitative and qualitative analyses. On each site, soil samples were collected, split to submit half to seed extraction by washing samples with water and counting the total number of seeds (quantitative analysis), and half to germination in trays placed in a greenhouse to evaluate weed emergence (qualitative analysis). The quantitative analysis of the agroecosystems showed that those cultivated with corn and vegetable garden presented best conditions for weed occurrence. The qualitative analysis resulted in the highest number of viable seeds for the vegetable garden (141,094,713 seeds, of which 74,965,862 were from monocotyledons plants and 66,128,851 dicotyledons). The weed seed concentration found for the vegetable garden is probably related to the management intensity in the area. The inverse is observed for the environments of less management intensity, as pasture and native field. Dry bean and soybean plots presented small seed bank and low emergence.

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Predação de sementes de plantas daninhas em áreas cultivadas

Cited by 3 publications

References 19 publications

Evolution of Ryegrass Seed Banks Depending on Soil Tillage and Crops

Evolution of Ryegrass Seed Banks Depending on Soil Tillage and Crops

Variação do tamanho de sementes de plantas daninhas e sua influência nos padrões de emergência das plântulas

Quantitative and qualitative analyses of weed seed banks of different agroecosystems

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