Infecção hospitalar em uma unidade de terapia intensiva neonatal do Sul do Brasil

Abstract

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to describe the incidence and epidemiology of nosocomial infection in newborns who were admitted to a neonatal intensive care unit in a hospital in south Santa Catarina, Brazil. MethodsA prospective cohort study was conducted for 1 year among 239 neonates who remained as in-patients 48 hours after admission. The criteria that were used to diagnose infection were in accordance with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the National Health Surveillance Agency. ResultsThe incidence of nosocomial infection was 45.8%. The primary reasons for admission were primary bloodstream infection (80.7%) and pneumonia (6.7%). Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus was the most commonly identified agent in the blood cultures and in the hospital unit. Prematurity was the most prevalent reason for admission. The general mortality rate was 12.1%, and mortality from nosocomial infection was 33.8%. ConclusionsThe incidence of nosocomial infection in the hospital unit was higher than rates that have been reported in other national studies. The major types of nosocomial infection were primary bloodstream infection and pneumonia.

Segurança do paciente na percepção da enfermagem e medicina em unidades de terapia intensiva neonatal

“…Another study carried out with 239 neonates showed that adverse events caused by healthcare-associated infections are associated with morbidity and mortality rates in NICUs. It showed an incidence of hospital infection of 45.8% and mortality rate by healthcare-associated infection of 33.8% (5) . In the face of the great impact of adverse events on neonatal patients, minimizing the occurrence of errors is of utmost importance.…”

“…Consequently, parallel to birth, newborns may require therapeutic interventions, use of invasive devices, and medications not always developed specifically for them, predisposing to errors. In addition, patient safety may sometimes be affected by issues associated with the environment of NICUs, with inappropriate infrastructure, overcrowding, inadequate number of professionals, work overload, limited resources, or poor quality of equipment and materials (5) . Risks to the safety of neonatal patients may lead to harmful errors to their physical integrity.…”

Implantação De Uma Comissão De Controle De Infecção Hospitalar Em Um Hospital Veterinário Da Região Noroeste Paulista.

“…Também são consideradas IH aquelas que o paciente apresenta imediatamente após a alta hospitalar e que possam estar relacionadas à internação (4,5).…”

“…Diversos estudos referentes às IH são descritos na medicina humana (2,4,5,6,7,8), entretanto, poucos são relatados à veterinária, quer sejam eles de caráter epidemiológico, etiológico ou do perfil de sensibilidade aos antimicrobianos em ambientes hospitalares veteriná-rios (3,9,10,11).…”

“…As atividades de uma CCIH têm como principal objetivo a redução das taxas de infecção e da morbimortalidade (1,5,6,8). Muitos avanços nesse campo têm sido evidenciados ao longo do tempo.…”