Chemical composition and anti-inflammatory evaluation of essential oils from leaves and stem barks from Drimys brasiliensis Miers (Winteraceae)

Abstract

Os óleos essenciais das folhas e das cascas do tronco de Drimys brasiliensis Miers (Winteraceae) foram obtidos individualmente por hidrodestilação e suas composições químicas foram determinadas através de análise por CG/DIC e CG/EM. Os principais constituintes identificados foram monoterpenos (folhas 4,31% e cascas do tronco 90,02%) e sesquiterpenos (folhas 52,31% e cascas do tronco 6,35%). Adicionalmente, o sesquiterpeno poligodial foi isolado do extrato em hexano das cascas do tronco de D. brasiliensis após fracionamento cromatográfico e caracterizado por métodos espectroscópicos. Visando a avaliação do potencial anti-inflamatório, os óleos essenciais brutos e o sesquiterpeno poligodial foram submetidos à bioensaios para avaliação da toxicidade aguda destes compostos bem como das atividades anti-inflamatória e antinociceptiva induzidas por carragenina e formalina em ratos. Nossos resultados mostraram que o óleo essencial bruto obtido das cascas do tronco reduziu significativamente o edema induzido por carragenina. O efeito anti-inflamatório induzido pelo óleo das cascas do tronco (a 200 mg kg -1 ) foi similar ao observado para indometacina (a 10 mg kg -1 ) e superior ao poligodial (a 200 mg kg -1 ) em 30 e em 60 min após administração. A resposta inflamatória induzida pela formalina foi efetiva para o óleo das cascas do tronco (62,5%) em comparação ao poligodial (50,0%).The essential oils from leaves and stem barks from Drimys brasiliensis Miers (Winteraceae) were individually obtained by hydrodistillation and their compounds characterized by use of GC/FID and GC/MS. The main identified derivatives were monoterpenes (leaves 4.31% and stem barks 90.02%) and sesquiterpenes (leaves 52.31% and stem barks 6.35%). Additionally, the sesquiterpene polygodial was isolated from hexane extract from stem barks of D. brasiliensis after chromatographic steps and characterized by spectroscopic means, mainly NMR. Aiming the evaluation of anti-inflammatory potential, the crude essential oils and the sesquiterpene polygodial were subjected to bioassays to evaluate the acute toxicity of these compounds as well as the anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities induced by carrageenan and formalin in mices. Ours results showed that essential oil obtained from the stem barks significantly reduced the oedema induced by carrageenan. The anti-inflammatory effect induced by stem barks oil (at 200 mg kg -1 ) was similar to observed for indomethacin (at 10 mg kg -1 ) and superior for polygodial (at 200 mg kg -1 ) in 30 and 60 min after the administration of essential oils. The inflammatory response induced by formalin was effective to the stem barks oil (62.5%) in comparison to polygodial (50.0%).Keywords: Drimys brasiliensis Miers, essential oil composition, antinociceptive, antiinflammatory, acute toxicity IntroductionDrimys brasiliensis Miers belongs to Winteraceae family, whose occurrence is restrict to South America. This species is known in Brazil with a vernacular name "cascad'anta" and has been used in folk medicine as analg...

Phytotoxic activity of differents plant parts of Drimys brasiliensis miers on germination and seedling development

“…Because the osmotic potentials of the extracts did not interfere with the germination of these species, the observed inhibitory effects on germination are attributable to the presence of allelopathic phytotoxins in the different plant extracts of D. brasiliensis. Drimane sesquiterpenes, aromatic dendrane-type sesquiterpenes, monoterpenes and flavonoids have been reported as secondary metabolites in the leaves and stem bark of D. brasiliensis (MECCHI; LAGO et al, 2013;SILVEIRA et al, 2012;LAGO et al, 2010;MALHEIROS et al, 2005) and might be involved in the phytotoxic activity observed. Further studies are needed to carry out to isolate and identify the secondary metabolites present in the different plant parts of D. brasiliensis and to confirm their phytotoxic properties.…”

“…In this species, sesquiterpene drimanes are predominant, including polygodial, 1-β-(p-methoxycinnamoyl)-polygodial and drimanial CECHINEL-FILHO et al, 1998;MALHEIROS et al, 2001;. These compounds exhibit antinociceptive (EL-SAYAH et al, 2000), antihyperalgesic (MEN-DES et al, 1998), antifungal (MALHEIROS et al, 2005, anti-inflammatory (LAGO et al, 2010), antibacterial (SILVEIRA et al, 2012), leishmanicidal and antimalarial activities (CORRÊA et al, 2011;CLAUDINO et al, 2013). However, few studies have examined the phytotoxicity of D. brasiliensis on other plants.…”

Phytochemical profile and in vitro evaluation of extracts from leaves of Drimys brasiliensis (Winteraceae) against bovine and equine herpesviruses

“…Drimys species have been used in folk medicine, mainly in the form of bark infusions for the treatment of several ailments, including ulcers, cancer, pains, respiratory problems, and malaria (Limberger et al, 2007). Crude extracts and purified metabolites from D. brasiliensis displayed several biological activities including antifungal, antiinflammatory, antinociceptive, antinociceptive, antibacterial, antioxidant, antileishmanial, antimalarial, antitrypanosomal, and antiviral (Malheiros et al, 2005;Carvalho et al, 2008;Lago et al, 2010;Correa et al, 2010;Claudino et al, 2013;Gomes et al, 2013). Phytohemically, drimane sesquiterpenoids (poligodial and derivatives) have been isolated from the bark (Fratoni et al, 2016) whereas sesquiterpenoids and flavonoids were detected in the leaves (Mecchi and Lago, 2013).…”

“…Additionally, monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes were identified in essential oils from barks and leaves (Ribeiro et al, 2008;Lago et al, 2010;Lago et al, 2011).…”

Antimicrobial efficacy of the extract, fractions and essential oils from the leaves of <i>Eugenia uniflora</i> Linn (Myrtaceae)

“…Fresh and dried leaves of E. uniflora is reported in folk medicine for treating cough, bronchitis, diarrhoea, influenza, rheumatism, fevers, inflammatory and stomach diseases (Consolini and Sarubbio, 2002;Costa et al, 2009;Fiuza et al, 2009;Lago et al, 2010 andSouzaMoreira et al, 2010). In Nigeria, E. uniflora leaves have been reported for antimalarial activities (Famuyiwa and Adebajo, 2012).…”