Phytotoxic activity of differents plant parts of Drimys brasiliensis miers on germination and seedling development

Anese, Simoni; Grisi, Patrícia Umeda; Jatobá, Luciana de Jesus; Pereira, Viviane de Cassia; Gualtieri, Sônia Cristina Juliano

doi:10.14393/bj-v31n3a2015-26056

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Considering the presence of secondary compounds commonly reported to have allelopathic effects (Chou 2006), and the osmolality values we found for L. aurea extracts, we can argue that the inhibitory effects in seed germination found in our experiments are likely due to allelochemicals and not by osmotic pressure (Ferreira and Á quila 2000;Anese et al 2015). Other studies have reported no germination inhibition in several seed species in osmolality values above 100 mmol/kg and below -0.25 Mpa (Anese et al 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Evidence of phytotoxicity in a fast-growing shrub useful for savanna restoration in Central Brazil

et al. 2017

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Finding fast-growing native species able to interfere in invasive grass species' growth is essential to restore savannas and grasslands, where native tree growth is rather limited. We tested the phytotoxicity of Lepidaploa aurea (Mart. ex DC.) H.Rob. (Asteraceae), a native shrub from the Brazilian savanna that apparently inhibits the growth of invasive grasses in degraded areas and in areas under restoration process. We performed experiments in Petri dishes and soil conditions using four receiver species: three eudicots: Lactuca sativa L., Raphanus sativus L., Solanum lycopersicum L. and a monocot: Sorghum bicolor L. Moench. These are model species commonly used in phytotoxic studies for their known germination rates and high sensitivity to allelochemicals. We tested the effects of aqueous extracts of L. aurea's leaves and roots, in four concentrations (10, 5, 2.5, 1.25%) and a control (distilled water). We performed tests in natural versus sterilized soils to identify the influence of soil microbiota in L. aurea's phytotoxicity. We found phytotoxic effects in all tested conditions. Leaf extracts had more accentuated negative effects on target plants than did root extracts. The growth of receiver plants' root was more affected than shoot growth. Lepidaploa aurea can be an important ally for the restoration of degraded areas savannas and grasslands. Studies considering species that co-occur with L. aurea in conserved and disturbed are as are necessary to confirm this allelopathic potential.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Evidence of phytotoxicity in a fast-growing shrub useful for savanna restoration in Central Brazil

et al. 2017

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“…Their use is of interest in weed management as they are biodegradable, have structural complexity, and a wide variety of sites of action. Additionally, they are not halogenated and are generally safer for non-target organisms [9][10][11][12]. For this purpose, several studies have aimed to identify species with phytotoxic activity [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Activity of Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle Extract as a Potential Bioherbicide for Sustainable Weed Management in Horticulture

et al. 2020

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The sustainable management of weeds is one of the main challenges in agriculture. Recent studies have demonstrated the potential of plant phytotoxins, such as ailanthone from Ailanthus altissima (Mill) Swingle, as bioherbicides. Since a complex extract may be more active than a single compound, we explored the phytotoxicity of A. altissima extracts obtained from the leaves, samaras, rachises, and secondary roots, and we evaluated their application potential for weed control in horticulture. The pre-emergence activity of all plant extracts was evaluated over varying concentrations on two indicator species (i.e., Lepidium sativum L. and Raphanus sativus L.) under controlled conditions. As the leaf extract was able to be generated in sufficient quantities, it was therefore further evaluated in glasshouse experiments with seven common weed species as indicators, as well as in a nursery production system for the cultivation of three horticultural crops (i.e., Salvia officinalis L., S. rosmarinus Schleid., and Dianthus caryophyllus L.). Following the application of the extract, the index of germination (IGe%), the index of biomass, and the density of weeds per pot were evaluated, along with the impact on crop growth and quality (i.e., plant growth index and leaf damage). Under controlled conditions, the extract from the secondary root was the most active in reducing the IGe%, with greater persistence across time in both indicator species. At 18 days following application, the lowest concentration of the leaf extract at 1.8 mg L−1 ailanthone reduced the IGe%by up to 15% and 45% in R. sativus and L. sativum, respectively. In R. sativus, all of the extract types affected the IGe%, but extract activity was greater in L. sativum. Under glasshouse conditions, leaf extracts containing 50 and 200 mg L−1 ailanthone showed strong inhibition (98%–99%) in the biomass of all treated indicator and weed species. Under nursery conditions, leaf extracts formulated at 100 and 200 mg L−1 ailanthone performed similarly, and no weeds were observed in any of the treated pots of S. officinalis and S. rosmarinus in the 60-day study period. Conversely, in the D. caryophyllus pots, an increase in the percentage of weed presence per pot was observed after 40 days. A reduction in the growth index and an increase in leaf phytotoxicity were observed during the cultivation experimentation, especially in S. officinalis when the extract was applied post-emergence to the crop canopy. Phytotoxicity was alleviated by the application of the extract directly to the soil or growth media. These results provide new insights into A. altissima extracts and their phytotoxicity to support their additional use as a sustainable solution for weed management in horticultural crops.

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“…When osmotic potential values show little effect amongst treatments, they probably have no effect on the germination traits evaluated [27]. erefore, the inhibitory activity of extracts observed in this present study could be attributed to the presence of phytotoxic allelochemicals in aqueous extracts of the cover crops [34].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Allelopathic Potential of Green Manure Cover Crops on Germination and Early Seedling Development of Goose Grass [Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn] and Blackjack (Bidens pilosa L.)

Rugare

Pieterse

Mabasa

2021

International Journal of Agronomy

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Green manure cover crops (GMCCs), which are recommended for improving soil fertility, also have the potential of reducing weed populations in cropping systems through allelopathy. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of eight GMCCs on the germination and seedling development of two weeds of divergent morphology, namely, goose grass [Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn] and blackjack (Bidens pilosa L.). Aqueous leaf, stem, and root extracts of hyacinth bean (Lablab purpureus L), red sunnhemp [Crotalaria ochroleuca (G.) Don], showy rattlebox (Crotalaria grahamiana Wight & Arn.), common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), common rattlepod (Crotalaria spectabilis Roth.), radish (Raphanus sativus L.), tephrosia (Tephrosia vogelii L.), and black sunnhemp (Crotalaria juncea L.) at 0, 1.25, 2.5, 3.75, and 5% wv−1 were applied to weed seeds in Petri dishes to determine their effect on germination, radicle and plumule growth, and germination vigor index. The experimental design was 3(tissue types) ∗ 5(concentrations) treatment combinations replicated four times in a completely randomized design. In the pot study, 25 seeds of either goose grass or blackjack were planted separately in approximately 400 g of soil mixed with cover crop tissue powder at 1% concentration per pot. The experimental design was cover crop residues + control replicated four times in randomized complete blocks. There was a significant ( p < 0.05 ) extract ∗ concentration interaction on all germination parameters across all GMCCs. The different cover crop aqueous extracts differentially reduced all germination parameters of both weeds in the order leaf > stem > root extract except for radish root extracts being most inhibitory to all germination parameters of goose grass. The leaf, stem, and root soil-incorporated residues of GMCCs significantly ( p < 0.05 ) affected seedling emergence, dry weight, and vigor indices of both weeds. Based on the results of this study, it was concluded that the different GMCC tissues contain allelochemicals that inhibit the emergence of both monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous weeds.

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Phytotoxic activity of differents plant parts of Drimys brasiliensis miers on germination and seedling development

Cited by 10 publications

References 39 publications

Evidence of phytotoxicity in a fast-growing shrub useful for savanna restoration in Central Brazil

Evidence of phytotoxicity in a fast-growing shrub useful for savanna restoration in Central Brazil

Activity of Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle Extract as a Potential Bioherbicide for Sustainable Weed Management in Horticulture

Allelopathic Potential of Green Manure Cover Crops on Germination and Early Seedling Development of Goose Grass [Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn] and Blackjack (Bidens pilosa L.)

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