Avaliação de estratégias no manejo da sede na sala de recuperação pós-anestésica

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate simple and safe strategies to mitigate thirst in the immediate postoperative period (IPO). Methods: A quantitative, experimental, cross sectional study with a sample of 90 patients. Those who presented with thirst were divided randomly into two groups: water or ice. Results: 96 (75%) reported thirst. The preoperative fasting period varied from 8 to 37 hours, and there was no association between the type of anesthesia, bleeding, fasting time and thirst. The intensity of initial thirst was 5.1 for the water group, and 6.1 for the ice group. The methods tested were effective in relieving thirst in the IPO. The ice group had a final intensity of 1.51, as compared to 2.33 in the water group. Two (2.2%) patients experienced vomiting during the study. Conclusion: Thirst is a real discomfort and causes great suffering in the patient. This study indicated viable and safe strategies to manage thirst in the IPO. Keywords: Thirst; Perioperative nursing; Recovery room resumo Objetivo: Avaliar estratégias simples e seguras para mitigar a sede no pós-operatório imediato (POI). Métodos: Estudo quantitativo, experimental, de corte transversal, com amostra de 90 pacientes. Aqueles que apresentaram sede foram divididos aleatoriamente em dois grupos, Água ou Gelo. Resultados: 96 (75%) relataram sede. O jejum pré-operatório variou de 8 a 37 horas e não houve associação entre o tipo de anestesia, sangramento, tempo de jejum e sede. A intensidade média inicial de sede foi de 5,1 para o grupo Água e 6,1, ao grupo Gelo. Os métodos experimentados mostraram-se eficazes em aliviar a sede no POI. O grupo Gelo teve intensidade final de 1,51 contra os 2,33 de grupo Água. Dois (2,2%) pacientes apresentaram vômitos durante a pesquisa. Conclusão: A sede é um desconforto real e gera grande sofrimento ao paciente. Este estudo indicou estratégias viáveis e seguras no manejo da sede no POI. Descritores: Sede; Enfermagem perioperatória; Sala de recuperação resumen Objetivo: Evaluar estrategias simples y seguras para mitigar la sed en el postoperatorio inmediato (POI). Métodos: Estudio cuantitativo, experimental, de corte transversal, realizado con una muestra de 90 pacientes. Aquellos que presentaron sed fueron divididos aleatoriamente en dos grupos, Agua o Hielo. Resultados: 96 (75%) relataron sed. El ayuno pre-operatorio varió de 8 a 37 horas y no hubo asociación entre el tipo de anestesia, sangrado, tiempo de ayuno y sed. La intensidad promedio inicial de sed fue de 5,1 para el grupo Agua y 6,1, al grupo Hielo. Los métodos experimentados se mostraron eficaces para el alivio de la sed en el POI. El grupo Hielo tuvo una intensidad final de 1,51 contra los 2,33 del grupo Agua. Dos (2,2%) pacientes presentaron vómitos durante la investigación. Conclusión: La sed es un disconfort real y genera gran sufrimiento al paciente. En este estudio se indicaron estrategias viables y seguras en el manejo de la sed en el POI. Descriptores: Sed; Enfermería perioperatoria; Sala de recuperación

Developing and validating the Perioperative Thirst Discomfort Scale

“…Despite surgical patients presenting intense and highly incident thirst, studies that have developed instruments to measure the characteristics and intensity of this discomfort specifically in this context have not been found, mainly due to its inherent subjectivity (7,15) . Thus, it is essential to have a valid and reliable instrument available to assess the magnitude of perioperative thirst discomfort and to propose an adoption of relief measures.…”

Tecnologias aplicadas � seguran�a do paciente: uma revis�o bibliom�trica

“…Entretanto, autores (17) atribuem importância significativa aos estudos quantitativos, posto que podem apontar caminhos que precisam ser explorados por meios que abordem a experiência vivida e as concepções do próprio sujeito a fim de se compreender um determinado fenômeno.…”

The use of mentholated popsicle to reduce thirst during preoperative fasting: A randomised controlled trial

“…Thirst can be evaluated for intensity and discomfort. For intensity, several researchers have used a numeric scale from 0 (no thirst)-10 (the worst perceived thirst) (Aroni et al, 2012;Puntillo, Arai, Cooper, Stotts, & Nelson, 2014;Stotts, Arai, Cooper, Nelson, & Puntillo, 2015;Yang, Yates, Chin, & Kao, 2010). Higher intensity of thirst was associated with release of antidiuretic hormones related to thirst perception (Arai et al, 2013;Leiper, 2005), validating the use of the patient's self-report as a measure of the symptom (Conchon et al, 2015;Martins, Fonseca, Rossetto, & Mai, 2017;Stevenson et al, 2015).…”

“…Understanding the neural mechanisms involved in satiety helps the nursing staff to choose viable and safe strategies to alleviate thirst of patients under their care. In the literature, we found strategies whose primary focus was the humidification of the oral cavity using cold temperatures (Aroni et al, 2012;Cho, Kim, & Park, 2010;Conchon & Fonseca, 2018;Hur et al, 2009;Moon, Lee, & Jeong, 2015;Yoon & Min, 2011). Other authors tested cold strategies with the addition of menthol (Puntillo et al, 2014;Serato et al, 2019).…”

“…Research on the patients' experience of thirst within hospital settings has found a high prevalence of the symptom in surgical patients, varying from 75% (Aroni, Nascimento, & Fonseca, 2012)-98% (Serato et al, 2019) during the postoperative period, and from 43% (Gul, Andsoy, & Ozkaya, 2018)-69% (Francisco, Batista, & Pena, 2015) during the preoperative period. In the surgical patient, the experience of thirst is particularly unpleasant, with reports that it can give the sensation of suffocation, weakness, irritation, desperation, fear and anxiety.…”