O mundo da criança portadora de asma grave na escola

Abstract

Objectives: To understand the meaning of asthma and its implications in daily life of children with acute asthma and their family in school settings. Methods: A qualitative case study with 3 children from a pediatric outpatient clinic of a hospital in the municipal district of São Paulo. Data were collected through participant observation, interviews, and therapeutic play. Results: Treatment demands and frequency of asthma crisis affected the daily life of the children in school settings: missing classes, decreased opportunity to learn, restrictions on type of plays, and conflicting interactions with the other children. Final considerations: There is need for health care providers and teachers to work together in order to guarantee those children formal education and quality social interactions. Keywords: Hospitals,teaching; Asthma; Pediatric nursing; Play and playthings RESUMO Objetivo:Compreender o significado que a criança asmática grave e sua família atribuem à doença e suas implicações na escola. Métodos: Estudo de caso qualitativo, desenvolvido no ambulatório de pediatria de um hospital do Município de São Paulo. Foram estudadas três crianças e seus familiares, utilizando observação participante, entrevista e brinquedo terapêutico dramático. Resultados: As demandas do tratamento e as freqüentes crises de asma influenciaram no cotidiano da criança na escola como: falta às aulas; deixar de aprender; restrinção nas brincadeiras e relacionamento conflituoso com colegas. Considerações finais: Tendo em vista as dificuldades encontradas pelas crianças em freqüentar a escola e conviver com os colegas, recomenda-se um trabalho conjunto entre os profissionais de saúde e da educação, assegurando a manutenção da educação formal e do convívio social salutar. Descritores: Hospitais escola; Asma; Enfermagem pediátrica; Jogos e brinquedos RESUMEN Objetivo: Comprender el significado que el niño asmático grave y su familia atribuyen a la enfermedad y sus implicancias en la escuela. Métodos: Se trata de un estudio de caso cualitativo, desarrollado en el consultorio externo de pediatría de un hospital del Municipio de Sao Paulo. Fueron estudiados tres niños y sus familiares, utilizando la observación participante, entrevista y juego terapéutico dramático. Resultados: Las demandas del tratamiento y las frecuentes crisis de asma influenciaron en el cotidiano del niño en la escuela como: falta a las clases; dejar de aprender; restricción en los juegos y relación conflictiva con sus colegas. Consideraciones finales: Teniendo en vista las dificultades encontradas por los niños para frecuentar a la escuela y convivir con sus colegas, se recomineda un trabajo conjunto entre los profesionales de salud y de educación, asegurando la manutención de la educación formal y de la convivencia social saludable.

Do diagnóstico à sobrevivência do câncer infantil: perspectiva de crianças

“…The child obtains great satisfaction from independent behavior, in manipulating her environment, developing the skills necessary to become a useful member of, and a contributor to, her social community. 21 This is not the reality for all the children who receive oncology treatment; many need to stop attending school due to their low attendance as a result of the inpatient treatment and the toxicity of the chemotherapy. Nevertheless, the children desire to return to school.…”

“…6 This context can result in a feeling of inferiority, perpetuated in adult life, affecting self-esteem, with consequences for professional performance and even routine activities. 21 This being so, it is important for the nursing team to consider the child's care in a comprehensive way, concerning themselves with meeting the developmental needs and the child's return to her social environment. Bearing in mind the difficulties found in attending school and coexisting with classmates, as revealed in this study, a closer relationship between health professionals and educational professionals is recommended, so as to ensure the maintenance of formal education and beneficial social coexistence.…”

The use of children’s stories in nursing care for the child: an integrative review

“…Nurses who care for children under these conditions can be great allies in the search for care strategies that make them safer and learn to care for themselves (28) . In addition, it is recommended to work together between health professionals and education, seeking to ensure the maintenance of formal education and social interaction (25,33) .…”

Uso rotineiro do brinquedo terapêutico na assistência a crianças hospitalizadas: percepção de enfermeiros

“…Several authors already cited have emphasized the importance of inserting play in care of the child in different contexts, not just in the hospital (2)(3)8,(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24) . Furthermore, the use of play/TP is a best practice and regulated by the Federal Nursing Council, in accordance with Resolution No.295/2004 (6,25) .…”