Experimental model for learning in vascular surgery and microsurgery: esophagus and trachea of chicken

Abstract

Purpose: This paper proposes a model of training surgical skills using vascular anastomosis in an animal model that simulates the size, consistency and resistance arteries and veins, to use it to chicken trachea and esophagus, respectively. Methods: We used chicken necks where the esophagus and trachea were dissected and after preparation were followed every step of the procedure of vascular anastomosis. The flow of the anastomosis was confirmed by direct observation and testing of filling (empty-and-refill test) immediately after the anastomosis. Results: All samples proved to be viable by the criteria described above. Conclusion: For the first time presents an interesting experimental model used to train vascular sutures, because it is endowed with all the necessary requirements for the learning of experimental vascular surgery. Key words: Anastomosis, Surgical. Microsurgery. Sutures. Esophagus. Trachea. RESUMOObjetivo: O presente trabalho propõe um modelo de treinamento de habilidades cirúrgicas em anastomoses vasculares utilizando um modelo que simula o calibre, a consistência e a resistência arterial e venosa, utilizando-se para isto a traquéia e esôfago de frango, respectivamente. Métodos: Foram utilizados pescoços de frango, onde foram dissecados esôfago e traquéia e após preparo foram seguidos todos os passos do procedimento da anastomose vascular. O fluxo das anastomoses foi comprovado por observação direta e teste de enchimento imediatamente após as anastomoses. Resultados: Todas as amostras mostraram-se viáveis pelos critérios acima descritos. Conclusão: Pela primeira vez apresenta-se um modelo experimental interessante que serve para treinar suturas vasculares, pois é dotado de todos os requisitos necessários para o aprendizado da cirurgia vascular experimental.

Treinamento de anastomoses vasculares de baixo custo: o cirurgião vai à feira

“…2,4,5 With the objective of reducing this harm, there has been increasing use of simulators in medical education, because they enable training at any time, reduce the risk to patients, allow the level of difficulty to be controlled, and allow training to be conducted at successively higher skill levels. 3,6 Therefore, preliminary training with simulators should be a basic step in the education of future surgeons. 2,3,6 However, the elevated costs of the simulators currently available on the market have restricted this type of training to large centers.…”

“…3,6 Therefore, preliminary training with simulators should be a basic step in the education of future surgeons. 2,3,6 However, the elevated costs of the simulators currently available on the market have restricted this type of training to large centers. There is therefore a need to identify alternative models that are less expensive, that can reproduce the skill acquisition offered by current systems, that avoid unnecessary use of animals in experiments, and that respect current ethical principles.…”

“…There is therefore a need to identify alternative models that are less expensive, that can reproduce the skill acquisition offered by current systems, that avoid unnecessary use of animals in experiments, and that respect current ethical principles. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] Many products of vegetable origin have similar characteristics to blood vessels (long, cylindrical, and with an internal lumen). This study was conducted to assess the feasibility of three types of vegetables for use a as a low-cost and easily-obtained model of vascular anastomosis.…”

Microsurgical training model with nonliving swine head. Alternative for neurosurgical education

“…Achar et al 5 proposed an interesting model of vascular anastomosis training using esophagus and trachea of nonliving chicken. Hino described a training exercise for microarterial anastomosis using a chicken wing artery 12 .…”

“…However, increasing sensitivity toward ethical aspects, strict legislation, and a greater public awareness, strongly require a significant decrease in using live animal models 3 . Several training models were described in literature in order to reduce the use of live animals for surgical education [3][4][5][6] .…”