A entrevista motivacional com alcoolistas: um estudo longitudinal

Abstract

ResumoEste foi um estudo de seguimento com pacientes alcoolistas que participaram de um ensaio clínico em que foi empregada Entrevista Motivacional. A amostra constituiu-se de 152 sujeitos alocados randomicamente em dois grupos: grupo de intervenção submetido à Entrevista Motivacional (GI), e um grupo controle submetido a tratamento padrão (GC AbstractThis was a follow up study with alcoholic patients participating in a clinical trial with the use of Motivational Interviewing. 152 subjects were randomly allocated into two groups: the intervention group (IG), which was submitted to Motivational Interviewing, and the control group (CG), submitted to standard treatment. Data were collected with a structured interview and FORM-90. 152 subjects were assessed at the first evaluation (T1), approximately 4 years ago. From 89 subjects who were assessed at follow-up 1 (T2), 59 remained abstinent (37 IG and 22 CG) and 30 had relapsed (13 IG and CG). 46 subjects returned for the final evaluation, at follow-up 2 (T3). 29 of them had remained abstinent (20 IG and 10 CG) and 17 had relapsed (13 IG and 4CG). Data show that subjects submitted to Motivational Interviewing had better outcomes than the control group in both abstinence maintenance and follow-up attendance.

A abordagem dos termos dependência química, toxicomania e drogadição no campo da Psicologia brasileira

“…Regarding the term "chemical dependency," nine articles were found (Cunda & Silva, 2014;Hess, Almeida, & Moraes, 2012;Jesus & Rezende, 2008;Lima, 2008;Machado & Boarini, 2013;Oliveira, Andretta, Rigoni, & Szupszynski, 2008;Paz & Colossi, 2013;Pratta & Santos, 2009;Sayago, Lucena-Santos, Horta, & Oliveira, 2014). The search based on 'toxicomania' resulted in seven articles (Belo, 2012;Bento, 2008;Lisita & Rosa, 2011;Macedo, Dockhorn, & Kegler, 2014;Pereira, 2008;Romanini & Roso, 2012;Silva & Ulhôa, 2015).…”

“…This aspect may also be related to the large number of research reports found. Out of ten studies, six were found in searches of "chemical dependency" (Hess et al, 2012;Jesus & Rezende, 2008;Lima, 2008;Oliveira et al, 2008;Paz & Colossi, 2013;Sayago et al, 2014; two in searches of "toxicomania" (Macedo et al, 2014;Pereira, 2008); and two when searching "drug addiction" (Andretta & Oliveira, 2011;Raupp & Milnitsky-Sapiro, 2009). These are mostly qualitative studies, with semi-structured interview as their most often data collection instrument.…”

“…Regarding the terms used to characterize the phenomenon they address, some authors use WHO documents (Bento, 2008) and diagnostic manuals, such as the ICD-10 (Hess et al, 2012;Jesus & Rezende, 2008;Oliveira et al, 2008) and DSM-IV (Andretta & Oliveira, 2011;Hess et al, 2012;Jesus & Rezende, 2008;Romanini & Roso, 2012;Sayago et al, 2014). The fifth edition of DSM was published in 2014, but it is not among the references of any of the articles analyzed.…”

“…Another similar consideration is the use of drugs as an attempt to deal with suffering, always with a negative outcome (Cunha et al, 2012;Freud, 1930 -Sapiro, 2009;Romanini & Roso, 2012;Savietto & Cardoso, 2009). In data presented so far, regarding drug consumption, an emphasis is placed on the interaction between the individual and the drug mainly in searches of terms toxicomania and drug addiction (Andretta & Oliveira, 2011;Oliveira et al, 2008;Olivenstein, 1980;OMS, 1974, Santiago, 2017; on the individual (Jesus & Rezende, 2008;Olivenstein, 1980); and on the effects caused by the substance (Hess et al, 2012). Of note, this is also the notion adopted in DSM-V; however, the terms used here are "substance-related disorders" and "addictive disorders."…”

Concepções do Alcoolismo na Atualidade: Pesquisas Hegemônicas, Avanços e Contradições

“…Os artigos que corroboram essa teoria, mesmo não desconsiderando o papel dos aspectos biológicos na determinação do alcoolismo, incluem o estudo de processos como a memória, a consciência e principalmente as habilidades e os hábitos do sujeito (Aliane, Lourenço, & Ronzani, 2006;Almeida & Araújo, 2005;Oliveira, Andretta, Rigoni, & Szupszynski, 2008). De forma geral, propõem a explicação da dependência do álcool como oriunda de um déficit no desenvolvimento de habilidades sociais dos sujeitos alcoolistas, ou também como um processo de aprendizagem.…”