Himatanthus lancifolius (Müll. Arg.) Woodson, Apocynaceae: estudo farmacobotânico de uma planta medicinal da Farmacopeia brasileira 1ª edição

Abstract

RESUMO:Himatanthus lancifolius (Müll. Arg.) Woodson é um arbusto nativo do Brasil, latescente, popularmente conhecido como agoniada e utilizado principalmente para distúrbios menstruais. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo caracterizar morfoanatomicamente a folha, o caule e a casca caulinar dessa planta medicinal, a fim de contribuir para o controle de qualidade e a autenticidade dessa espécie. O material vegetal foi fixado e submetido às microtécnicas usuais. A folha é simples, glabra e obovado-lanceolada. A epiderme é uniestratificada, revestida por cutícula estriada e possui estômatos anisocíticos na face abaxial. O mesofilo é dorsiventral. A nervura central é biconvexa e o pecíolo é circular, ambos apresentando feixes vasculares bicolaterais. Laticíferos, amiloplastos e idioblastos fenólicos estão presentes no parênquima fundamental da nervura central e do pecíolo. O sistema vascular do caule é tipicamente bicolateral. Laticíferos e idioblastos fenólicos ocorrem no córtex, no floema e na medula. Esses caracteres morfoanatômicos, em conjunto, podem ser utilizados como parâmetros para o controle de qualidade dessa espécie.Unitermos: Apocynaceae, floema interno, Himatanthus lancifolius, laticíferos, morfoanatomia.ABSTRACT: "Himatanthus lancifolius (Müll. Arg.) Woodson, Apocynaceae: morphoanatomical study of a medicinal plant described in the Brazilian Pharmacopoeia 1st edition". Himatanthus lancifolius (Müll. Arg.) Woodson is a Brazilian native shrub, laticiferous, popularly known as "agoniada". It is mainly used for uterine disorders. The present work aimed to study the leaf, stem and stem bark morpho-anatomy of this medicinal plant, in order to contribute to its quality control and identification. The plant material was fixed and submitted to standard microtechniques. The leaf is simple, glabrous and obovate-lanceolate. The epidermis is uniseriate, coated with striated cuticle and it has anysocitic stomata on the abaxial surface. The mesophyll is dorsiventral. The midrib is biconvex and the petiole is circular, both present bicollateral vascular bundles. Laticiferous ducts, amyloplasts and phenolic idioblasts are found in ground parenchyma of the midrib and petiole. The vascular system of the stem is tipically bicollateral. Laticiferous ducts and phenolic idioblasts are present in the cortex, phloem and pith. These morpho-anatomical characters, all together, can be used as quality control parameters of this species.

Morphoanatomic characterization of the stem and the leaf of Tabernaemontana catharinensis A.DC (Apocynaceae) and antimutagenic activity of its leaves

“…Metcalfe & Chalk (1950) and Mauseth (1988) reported that latex-structures in the stems of Apocynaceae generally lie in the cortex, pericycle, phloem, marrow and, sometimes in the medullar radiuses. Latex-structures of H. lancifolius occur in the cortex, phloem and marrow, whereas they occur only in the phloem and marrow in Rauvolfia sellowii (Baratto et al, 2010). However, the histological and chemical test in current analysis failed to show any latex-structures in the pericycle and phloem of T. catharinensis.…”

“…Although T. catharinensis leaf morphology is similar to that of other species of the same family, some differences between gender and species may be noted. It is the case of Himatanthus sucuuba, with alternated symmetric and obovate-lanceolate leaves, acute apex and base, abaxial surface with a yellowish-green color , whereas in Himatanthus lancifolius, the leaves are coriaceous, alterno-spiraled and obovate-lanceolate (Baratto et al, 2010).…”

“…Only the epidermis of F. australis is glabrous (Rio et al, 2005). Himathanthus lancifolius has anisocytictype stomata only on the abaxial surface on which the cuticle is less thick (Baratto et al, 2010). Nerium oleander has a abaxial surface with great depressions, coupled to an epidermis on the surface coated with a thicker cuticle (Maciel et al, 2010).…”

Microscopic Analysis Applied to the Quality Control ofHancornia speciosaGomes

“…The petiole of Himatanthus lancifolius (Müll.Arg.) Woodson tends to be circular, slightly flat on the adaxial face (Baratto et al, 2010). Himatanthus sucuuba (Spruce ex Müll.Arg.)…”

“…In M. coccinea , a major bicollateral vascular bundle in an open arc and about four minor collateral bundles traverse the ground parenchyma (Duarte & Larrosa, 2011). In H. lancifolius and H. sucuuba , the bicollateral vascular bundles assume a triangular shape and two accessory bundles of the amphicrival type are also observed (Larrosa & Duarte, 2005; Baratto et al, 2010).…”