Morphoanatomic characterization of the stem and the leaf of Tabernaemontana catharinensis A.DC (Apocynaceae) and antimutagenic activity of its leaves

Abstract

Tabernaemontana catharinensis A. DC (Apocynaceae) is used as a medicinal plant by the population. In order to contribute to the safe use of the plant as herbal medicine, this study aimed to morphoanatomically characterize the aereal vegetative organs of T. catharinensis and to evaluate the leaves' mutagenic and antimutagenic activities. Histological blades of leaves and stem of T. catharinensis were performed; the methionine system (methG1) and Aspergillusnidulans conidia germination analysis were employed for mutagenic and antimutagenic evaluation. The morphoanatomic analysis did not show trichomes in the stem, petiole and leaf. Besides, it was observed both the presence of bi-collateral bundles -except in the foliar apex where the bundles were from the collateral type -as well as anamphistomatic leaf with paracyte stomata and sub-epidermal layer in the region of the leaf edges. The mutagenicity/ antimutagenicity trial indicated a significant decrease of mutation frequency in comparison with the control group and showed that theT. catharinensis had antimutagenic activity within the type, time and form of treatment. Since the germination test showed that the conidia germination was accelerated from the bud phase, activities at the cell cycle level and polarized growth proved to be possible. The morphoanatomic analysis of the leaf and stem associated with the mutagenic and antimutagenic analyses contributes to the safe use of the plant by humans and also for the quality control of a possible phytotherapeutic drug.Keywords: Aspergillus nidulans, genotoxicity, medicinal herbs, methionine system, morphoanatomy.RESUMO: Caracterização morfoanatômica do caule e da folha de Tabernaemontana catharinensis A.DC (Apocynaceae) e atividade antimutagênica de suas folhas Tabernaemontana catharinensis A. DC (Apocynaceae) é utilizada como planta medicinal pela população. A fim de contribuir para o uso seguro da planta como medicinal, este trabalho teve como objetivo caracterizar morfoanatomicamente os órgãos vegetativos aéreos de T. catharinensis e avaliar a atividade mutagênica e antimutagênica de suas folhas. Foram realizados cortes histológicos da folha e do caule de T. catharinensis e, para a avaliação mutagênica e antimutagênica, foi utilizado o sistema metionina (methG1) e análise da germinação de conídios em Aspergillus nidulans. A análise morfoanatômica evidenciou a ausência de tricomas no caule, pecíolo e folha; presença de feixes bicolaterais, com exceção no ápice foliar cujos feixes são do tipo colateral; folha anfiestomática com estômatos paracíticos e camada subepidérmica na região do bordo foliar. O ensaio de mutagenicidade/antimutagenicidade mostrou uma diminuição significativa da frequência de mutação em relação ao controle, indicando que nesse tipo, tempo e forma de tratamento, T. catharinensis apresentou atividade antimutagênica. O ensaio de germinação evidenciou que houve aceleração da germinação dos conídios, a partir da fase de botão, indicando uma possível atuação em nível de ativação de ciclo celu...

Vegetative anatomy of Tabernaemontana alternifolia L. (Apocynaceae) endemic to southern Western Ghats, India

“…The vegetative anatomy of T. alternifolia revealed certain variations in their anatomical traits when compared to other members of the Apocynaceae family. Trichomes are absent in leaves of T. alternifolia as reported in other species of Tabernaemontana (Omino 1996;Guidoti et al 2015). However, trichomes have been reported in members of the Apocynanceae like Mandevilla velutina (A.DC.)…”

“…The wood anatomy of Tabernaemontana eglandulosa Stapf, and Tabernaemontana siphilitica (L.f) Leeuwenb., revealed distinct growth rings, vessel grouping in radial multiples, vessels with sporadically double simple perforations, septate fibers with simple to minutely bordered pits and axial parenchyma were either scarce or absent (Lens et al 2008). Guidoti et al (2015) studied the morpho-anatomical characters of Tabernaemontana catharinesis A.DC leaves and observed uniseriate epidermis devoid of trichomes, six to seven layers of angular collenchyma, thin-walled parenchymatous cortex, and bicollateral vascular bundle. Tabernaemontana catharinesis stem possessed uni-stratified epidermis, angular collenchyma cells and fibers in the cortical region and the secondary growth revealed the presence of periderm and fibers in external phloem patches.…”

“…Tabernaemontana catharinesis stem possessed uni-stratified epidermis, angular collenchyma cells and fibers in the cortical region and the secondary growth revealed the presence of periderm and fibers in external phloem patches. The petiole in T. catharinesis had uni-stratified epidermis, thick cuticle, and angular collenchyma adjacent to the epidermis and bicollateral vascular arrangement (Guidoti et al 2015). As T. alternifolia is an endemic plant with high medicinal value, it is important to conserve this species through various means including vegetative propagation.…”

Chemical Composition and Activity of Essential Oils of Carissa macrocarpa (Eckl.) A.DC. Cultivated in Tunisia and Its Anatomical Features

“…Non‐articulated laticifers are characteristic of various species of the following families: Apocynaceae, Asclepiadaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Moraceae and Urticaceae . Druses and laticifers occur in the fundamental cortical and medullar parenchyma of the Apocynaceae Tabernaemontana catharinensis A.DC . Calcium oxalate is considered to be the most commonly occurring biomineral in higher plants .…”

“…[62] Druses and laticifers occur in the fundamental cortical and medullar parenchyma of the Apocynaceae Tabernaemontana catharinensis A.DC. [63] Calcium oxalate is considered to be the most commonly occurring biomineral in higher plants. [64 -69] The internal phloem and laticifers are anatomical characters universally occurring in Apocynaceae.…”