O direito à  vida e a ética da saúde

Abstract

Defendendo ser a saúde uma dimensão relevante para a reflexão ética, pois que afeta a própria vida, o autor advoga o direito à saúde opondo-se a concepções para as quais a demanda por saúde deve ser resolvida pelo mercado. Conjuga sua defesa a uma análise dos óbices existentes à realização de tal direito (dentre eles a mercantilização da medicina) e à indicação de alternativas éticas e práticas.

The Ethics of Health: Giovanni Berlinguer’s Contribution to Building a Fairer Society

“…32 Berlinguer’s interest in bioethics and its relationship with the Italian secular culture led him to not only update the search for a synthesis between ethics, science, and politics, but also to develop an extensive concept of “equity”: based not only on an evaluation of opportunities and choices in terms of their usefulness, but also in terms of the amount of freedom they produce:I will speak of equity considering on the one hand the intrinsic and individual value of each person, and on the other the importance of measures that can remove obstacles to well-being (understood as wellness): those, and only those that can be overcome through personal will and behavior. 33 One of the innovative results of this reflection consisted in a fundamental change in the theoretical approach to the theme regarding the right to health that Berlinguer realized through a rereading of the work of Immanuel Kant and particularly of Adam Smith. Another source of inspiration would later arrive in the form of the writings of the philosopher and Nobel Prize Laureate for Economics Amartya Sen, who had an intense personal and intellectual exchange with Berlinguer starting in 1996 as part of the activities of the group promoting Global Equity in Health Initiatives of the Rockefeller Foundation.…”

“…I will speak of equity considering on the one hand the intrinsic and individual value of each person, and on the other the importance of measures that can remove obstacles to well-being (understood as wellness): those, and only those that can be overcome through personal will and behavior. 33…”

Bioéthique et inégalités sociales

“…Depuis l'étude classique de John Rawls (1971), les travaux sur le principe de justice sont innombrables et précieux (voir, par exemple, Veatch, 1986;Berlinguer, 1993;Siqueira, 1998). Les diffé-rents courants d'interprétation témoignent non seulement de la diversité des idéologies, mais aussi, comme le note Engelhardt, des « frustrations devant la finitude » (Engelhardt, 1996 : ch.…”

Cidadania, participação popular e saúde: com a palavra, os usuários da Rede Pública de Serviços

“…Com a crise ética que vem se agravando em vários setores (Berlinguer, 1993;Rouanet, 1993;Costa, 1994) em face do descompromisso con-tinuado dos dirigentes com a saúde, torna-se compreensível, assim, que esta seja a visão dos usuários.…”