Câncer de pulmão: comparação entre os sexos

Abstract

A importância dos fatores de prognóstico na análise de estudos clínicos de câncer de pulmão já é bem definida. Neste artigo, vários fatores de prognóstico foram avaliados, assim como a comparação entre ambos os sexos foi realizada. Não houve diferença estatisticamente significante entre os dois sexos para a presença de sintomas no momento do diagnóstico. Os pacientes do sexo feminino apresentaram incidência de tabagismo menor que os do masculino. O carcinoma espinocelular (40,6%) foi o tipo histológico mais comum entre os pacientes ao sexo masculino enquanto o adenocarcinoma (57,1%) foi o mais freqüente no feminino. Em média, 45% dos pacientes apresentaram-se com doença disseminada no momento do diagnóstico. Pacientes do sexo masculino (40%) foram classificados como desnutridos mais freqüentemente que as do feminino.

Profile of patients with lung cancer assisted at the National Cancer Institute, according to their smoking status, from 2000 to 2007

“…The results of the present study are in agreement with previous findings on lung cancer with respect to the predominance of male patients who smoke [19][20][21][22][23] . In a review about the occurrence of lung cancer in the United States, the authors reported that around 10% of the patients were non-smokers and that non-smoking women are more frequently afflicted by this illness in comparison to men who do not smoke 24 .…”

“…We observed a high proportion (43.2%) of patients with adenocarcinomas in the present study. In other national articles, this proportion has varied between 25.0 and 47.4% [19][20][21][22][23] . A review of 12 published studies revealed that the frequency of adenocarcinomas among non-smokers varied between 47.0 and 76.0%, and that the frequency of squamous carcinomas ranged between 3.0 and 27% within the same group 24 .…”

Relationship between the Phase Angle and Volume of Tumours in Patients with Lung Cancer

“…Although squamous cell carcinoma is the most common type of lung cancer, in recent years, there has been a downward trend coincident with an increase in the number of adenocarcinoma cases [24,25]. This change may be explained by the relative decrease of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in cigarettes, which are carcinogenic, and also by the relative increase of tobacco-specific N-nitrosamines, which act in rats as inducers of adenocarcinoma [26].…”

Sobrevida de longo prazo em carcinoma brônquico após tratamento cirúrgico: sexo é fator prognóstico?

“…In recent years, there has been a steep increase in the incidence of lung cancer deaths in women, from 4.19/100,000 in 1994 to 5.18/100,000 in 1999. (5,6) Some authors have reported a more favorable prognosis for lung cancer in women than in men. (7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12) In a previous study of cases of stage I non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), we also reported significant gender-related differences in long-term survival, with better rates among females.…”