Vacinação contra a hepatite B entre trabalhadores da atenção básica à saúde

Abstract

A vacinação dos trabalhadores da saúde contra a hepatite B é fundamental para evitar a transmissão ocupacional do vírus nas unidades de atenção básica à saúde. Os objetivos deste inquérito epidemiológico foram verificar a prevalência da vacinação completa contra a hepatite B, estimar a prevalência da confirmação da imunidade e investigar os fatores associados à realização do esquema vacinal completo entre trabalhadores de unidades de saúde do Município de Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brasil. Participaram do estudo 1.249 trabalhadores. A prevalência da vacinação completa contra a hepatite B foi de 64,61% e 29,82% dos trabalhadores indicaram saber que estavam imunizados após a realização de exame sorológico para confirmação da imunidade. Na análise ajustada, a vacinação foi positivamente associada com maior escolaridade e contato com material biológico ou materiais perfurocortantes durante o trabalho, e negativamente associada com regimes de trabalho precários e fumo atual. São recomendadas medidas educativas visando à vacinação daqueles que não o fizeram ou não completaram o esquema vacinal e informação sobre a necessidade do monitoramento da resposta vacinal.

Is vaccination against hepatitis B a reality among Primary Health Care workers?

“…Only two studies on vaccination against hepatitis B were identified among Primary Health Care (PHC) workers in Brazil (7)(8) and, despite its acknowledged importance, many workers still neglect it, which nonvaccination prevalence rates ranging between 23.8% (7) and 35.39% (8) .…”

“…Hence, adherence to vaccination against hepatitis B should be considered in the context of FHS workers' healthdisease process, including the study of variables that can be associated with different health behaviors, such as sociodemographic, lifestyle, health condition and occupational variables. In earlier studies, the prevalence of vaccination against hepatitis B among health workers was lower among workers with lower education levels, a precarious employment contract (8) and who did not participate in health recycling programs (7) . Contact with biological material and piercing-cutting instruments and smoking were also associated factors (8) .…”

Vacinação contra hepatite B e exposição ocupacional no setor saúde em Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais

“…Having been vaccinated against hepatitis B was associated with schooling level, and those with lower educational level were less protected. In Florianópolis, SC, 11 20.9% of the HWs did not have training on health and safety at work, thereby indicating the severity of the situation. In Montes Claros, MG, a need for more information was expressed by 37% of the dentists who reported that they had not or had been incompletely vaccinated.…”

“…Self-reporting of vaccination status may be overestimated, considering the tendency to report positively on situations that are recognized as desirable. 11 The loss of information regarding the number of doses that were received (not all the individuals who reported having been vaccinated informed the number of doses) indicates that there may have been infl ation in reports on whether vaccination had been received. A question regarding the number of doses was included in the light of the overestimation hypothesis, which allowed a more detailed evaluation of the frequency of the outcome of interest.…”

“…a Despite access to vaccination against hepatitis B, the rare studies carried out on the vaccinal situation of HWs at different healthcare levels have shown that important and unclarifi ed problems exist regarding vaccinal coverage. 11 The objective of the present study was to identify factors associated with vaccination against hepatitis B among HWs in the municipal sector.…”