Soroprevalência das infecções pelos vírus das hepatites A e B em Macaé, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

Abstract

Total HAV and HBc seroprevalence rates in two socioeconomic groups in Macaé, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, were estimated in 1,100 surplus serum samples from routine laboratory tests identified by sex, age, neighborhood, and category of medical care, i.e., the public health system or National Unified Health System (SUS) as compared to private health services (NSUS). Seroprevalence rates by age, 95% confidence intervals, and statistical significance tests for differences between SUS and NSUS are presented. Distribution of seroprevalence rates (P) for total HAV (P = 88.8%; 95% CI = 86.8-90.6) and total HBc (P = 15.3%; 13.2-17.6) by age showed an ascending curve. Prevalence rates in the SUS group were significantly higher that in the NSUS group, for both HAV (chi2 = 31.15; p < 0.0001) and HBV (chi2 = 15.41; p < 0.0001). The high prevalence rates reflect the epidemiological pattern of HAV infection in developing countries and the relevance of the social and environmental context. The proportion of susceptible individuals in the < 5 and > 20 year groups highlights the need to vaccinate for hepatitis A and the potential increase in severe cases. High HVB prevalence among adolescents underscores the importance of vaccinating this group. The results serve as a reminder to health professionals concerning biosafety norms.

Compulsory notification at skilled nursing facilities

“…The combination of the "hepatitis B" and "institutions" keywords yielded only one article on seroprevalence in patients with mental illness 25 reporting results of virus prevalence in all age groups (without presenting specific details to each one) and prevalence (1.6%) close to that observed in our sample -5 cases from 421 hospitalized patients or 1.8% of the total. Using as keywords "hepatitis B" and "prevalence," 33 articles were located, of which only one 26 would discriminate age groups with anti-HBC seroprevalence of 33.7% an age of 60 years or older.…”

Seroepidemiology of hepatitis B virus infection and high rate of response to hepatitis B virus Butang®vaccine in adolescents from low income families in Central Brazil

“…In contrast, in low and intermediate endemic regions, it is disseminated generally by sexual and parenteral via (Hou et al 2005, Mast et al 2005 whereas an increase of HBV positivity throughout the adolescence and early adulthood was showed (Dominguez et al 2000, Cisneros-Castolo et al 2001, Gaze et al 2002. During this period of life individuals are more susceptible to risk behaviors such as illicit drug use, alcohol abuse, multiple partners, and sexually transmitted diseases (Lawrence & Goldstein 1995, Miranda et al 2005).…”

Estimativa de áreas de risco para hepatite A

“…Em função de a alta prevalência estar associada a precárias condições sócio-econômicas, principalmente, de higiene e de saneamento 8,9,10,11 , constituise em um indicador de condições sanitárias da população. Assim, a melhoria dessas condições pode reduzir a transmissão pessoa a pessoa, diminuindo sua força de infecção 12 contra o vírus da hepatite A (anti-HAV) são detectados no sangue e a soroprevalência aumenta com a idade 13,14 .…”