OBJETIVO: Analisar a pertinência do uso do Sistema de Informações Hospitalares do Sistema Único de Saúde na avaliação da qualidade da assistência ao infarto agudo do miocárdio. MÉTODOS: Foram analisados 1.936 formulários de Autorização de Internação Hospitalar (AIH) do Sistema de Informações Hospitalares registrados com o diagnóstico principal de infarto agudo do miocárdio no Município do Rio de Janeiro em 1997. Também foi analisada uma amostra aleatória de 391 prontuários médicos estratificada por hospitais. Avaliou-se o grau de confirmação do diagnóstico dessa doença segundo critérios estabelecidos pela literatura. A análise da precisão de variáveis foi realizada pelo Kappa. RESULTADOS: A qualidade do diagnóstico de infarto agudo do miocárdio da AIH foi satisfatória, com percentual de confirmação elevado, segundo critérios estabelecidos pela literatura (91,7%; IC95%=88,3-94,2). Em geral, a precisão das variáveis demográficas (sexo, faixa etária), de processo (uso de procedimentos e intervenções) e de resultado (óbito, motivo da saída) foi satisfatória. A precisão das variáveis demográficas e de resultado foi superior a das variáveis de processo. O elevado sub-registro do diagnóstico secundário na AIH foi a maior limitação observada. CONCLUSÕES: Considerando-se a ampla disponibilidade e os resultados descritos, avalia-se como pertinente o uso do Sistema de Informações Hospitalares na avaliação da qualidade da assistência ao infarto agudo do miocárdio.

Background Identified in December 2019 in the city of Wuhan, China, the outbreak of COVID-19 spread throughout the world and its impacts affect different populations differently, where countries with high levels of social and economic inequality such as Brazil gain prominence, for understanding of the vulnerability factors associated with the disease. Given this scenario, in the absence of a vaccine or safe and effective antiviral treatment for COVID-19, nonpharmacological measures are essential for prevention and control of the disease. However, many of these measures are not feasible for millions of individuals who live in territories with increased social vulnerability. The study aims to analyze the spatial distribution of COVID-19 incidence in Brazil’s municipalities (counties) and investigate its association with sociodemographic determinants to better understand the social context and the epidemic’s spread in the country. Methods This is an analytical ecological study using data from various sources. The study period was February 25 to September 26, 2020. Data analysis used global regression models: ordinary least squares (OLS), spatial autoregressive model (SAR), and conditional autoregressive model (CAR) and the local regression model called multiscale geographically weighted regression (MGWR). Findings The higher the GINI index, the higher the incidence of the disease at the municipal level. Likewise, the higher the nurse ratio per 1,000 inhabitants in the municipalities, the higher the COVID-19 incidence. Meanwhile, the proportional mortality ratio was inversely associated with incidence of the disease. Discussion Social inequality increased the risk of COVID-19 in the municipalities. Better social development of the municipalities was associated with lower risk of the disease. Greater access to health services improved the diagnosis and notification of the disease and was associated with more cases in the municipalities. Despite universal susceptibility to COVID-19, populations with increased social vulnerability were more exposed to risk of the illness.

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OBJECTIVE:To analyze the dengue epidemic in relation to the socioeconomic context according to geographical areas. METHODS:An ecological study was conducted in the municipality of Rio de Janeiro (Southeastern Brazil), in areas delimited as neighborhoods, based on information about notifi ed dengue cases concerning residents in the municipality. The average incidence rate of dengue was calculated between the epidemiological weeks: 48 th of 2001 and 20 th of 2002. The occurrence of dengue was correlated with socioeconomic variables through Pearsons' correlation coeffi cient. Moran's global and local indexes were used to assess the spatial auto-correlation between dengue and the variables that signifi cantly correlated with the disease. The multiple linear regression model and the conditional auto-regression spatial model were used to analyze the relationship between dengue and socioeconomic context. RESULTS:The neighborhoods located in the west zone of the municipality presented high rates of average dengue incidence. The variables presenting signifi cant correlation were: percentage of households connected with the general sanitary network, households with washing machines, and population density per urban area. Moran's spatial auto-correlation index revealed spatial dependence between dengue and the selected variables. The utilized models indicated percentage of households connected with the general sanitary network as the sole variable signifi cantly associated with the disease. The residual fi gures in both models revealed signifi cant spatial auto-correlation, with a positive Moran Index (p<0.001) for linear regression model, and a negative one (p=0.005) for the conditional auto-regression one. CONCLUSIONS:Problems related to basic sanitation contribute decisively to increase the risk of the disease.

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OBJECTIVE To analyze the spatial distribution of risk for tuberculosis and its socioeconomic determinants in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.METHODS An ecological study on the association between the mean incidence rate of tuberculosis from 2004 to 2006 and socioeconomic indicators of the Censo Demográfico (Demographic Census) of 2000. The unit of analysis was the home district registered in the Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (Notifiable Diseases Information System) of Rio de Janeiro, Southeastern Brazil. The rates were standardized by sex and age group, and smoothed by the empirical Bayes method. Spatial autocorrelation was evaluated by Moran’s I. Multiple linear regression models were studied and the appropriateness of incorporating the spatial component in modeling was evaluated.RESULTS We observed a higher risk of the disease in some neighborhoods of the port and north regions, as well as a high incidence in the slums of Rocinha and Vidigal, in the south region, and Cidade de Deus, in the west. The final model identified a positive association for the variables: percentage of permanent private households in which the head of the house earns three to five minimum wages; percentage of individual residents in the neighborhood; and percentage of people living in homes with more than two people per bedroom.CONCLUSIONS The spatial analysis identified areas of risk of tuberculosis incidence in the neighborhoods of the city of Rio de Janeiro and also found spatial dependence for the incidence of tuberculosis and some socioeconomic variables. However, the inclusion of the space component in the final model was not required during the modeling process.

Resumo ObjetivoAnalisar o perfil clínico-epidemiológico dos casos de meningite internados em hospital público e os fatores associados à evolução hospitalar. Métodos Foram analisados 694 casos confirmados, notificados e investigados pelo serviço de epidemiologia de um hospital público de 1986 a 2002. Os dados foram coletados do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (Sinan), como parte da rotina local de vigilância epidemiológica. Foi realizada análise multivariada por regressão logística. Resultados Etiologias mais freqüentes: criptocócica (12,3%; letalidade =37,7%); meningocócica (8,7%; letalidade =13,3%); pneumocócica (7,2%; letalidade =46%); tuberculosa (6,1%; letalidade =40,5%); estafilocócica (5,2%; letalidade =38,9%), viral (5,5%; letalidade =7,9%); hemófilo (2,9%; letalidade =20%). 38,8% dos casos apresentavam etiologia não especificada (letalidade =36%) e 17,3% estavam associados à infecção pelo HIV. Observou-se meningite hospitalar em 27,1% e seqüelas em 9,2% dos casos com alta hospitalar. Variáveis associadas a uma maior chance de óbito: etiologia (referência viral) -tuberculose, criptococo, estafilococo, meningococo, não especificada, outros gram negativos, cândida e pneumococo; infecção pelo HIV; coma. A tríade febre, vômitos e rigidez de nuca associou-se a uma menor chance de óbito. Conclusões A elevada proporção de etiologia não especificada e letalidade alta podem refletir problemas de processo de assistência e/ou seleção dos casos relacionada ao perfil do hospital. A vigilância epidemiológica operante no nível hospitalar foi capaz de retroalimentar os serviços com indicadores da assistência, sendo pertinente o uso do Sinan neste nível. Abstract ObjectiveTo analyze the clinical-epidemiological profile and in-hospital death predictors of infectious meningitis patients admitted to a public hospital. Methods There were studied 694 cases of meningitis notified and investigated by a public hospital's epidemiology service from 1986 to 2002, using the National Information

The following study was intended to evaluate the occurrence of typical signs and symptoms in the cases of classic dengue and hemorrhagic dengue fever, during the 2001-2002 epidemic in the city of Rio de Janeiro. The authors reviewed 155,242 cases notified to the Information System of Notification Diseases, from January/2001 to June/2002: 81,327 cases were classified as classic dengue and 958 as hemorrhagic dengue fever, with a total of 60 deaths. Common symptoms, such as fever, headache, prostration, myalgia, nausea and retro-orbital pain, had a high incidence in both classic and hemorrhagic dengue fever. On the other hand, hemorrhagic signs and other signs of severe disease, such as shock, gastrointestinal bleeding, petechiae, epistaxis, abdominal pain and pleural effusion, were strongly associated to hemorrhagic dengue fever. Besides, the occurrence of death was 34.8 times higher in hemorrhagic dengue fever than in classic dengue (OR = 34.8; CI 19.7-61.3).