Produtividade de sistemas forrageiros consorciados com leguminosas

Abstract

 RESUMOO objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar três sistemas forrageiros (SF) com capim elefante (CE) + azevém (AZ) + espécies de crescimento espontâneo (ECE); CE + AZ + ECE + amendoim forrageiro (AM); e CE + AZ + ECE + trevo vermelho (TV), usando-se a mesma área, sob pastejo rotacionado, no decorrer do ano agrícola. O CE foi estabelecido em linhas afastadas a cada 4m. No período hibernal, fez-se o estabelecimento do AZ entre as linhas do CE; o TV foi semeado e o AM foi preservado, considerando-se os respectivos SF. O delineamento experimental foi o inteiramente ao acaso, com três tratamentos (SF), duas repetições (piquetes) e avaliações independentes (ciclos de pastejos). Para avaliação, foram utilizadas vacas da raça Holandesa em lactação, que receberam suplementação alimentar com concentrado à razão de 1% do peso corporal/dia. Foram avaliados a massa de forragem, os componentes botânicos do pasto e estruturais do CE e a taxa de lotação. Durante o período experimental, foram efetuados oito ciclos de pastejo. Sistemas forrageiros que envolvem gramíneas e leguminosas de diferentes ciclos proporcionam a utilização da área durante todo o ano agrícola em pastejo rotativo com bovinos leiteiros. Considerando-se a predominância das avaliações em cada pastejo, os sistemas forrageiros consorciados apresentam melhor resultado tanto paras as variáveis de massa de forragem quanto para a taxa de lotação. Palavras-chave: Arachis pintoi, pastejo rotacionado, Pennisetum purpureum, Trifolium pratense, vacas leiteiras ABSTRACT The objective of this research was to evaluate three grazing systems (GS) with elephant grass (EG) + ryegrass (RG) + spontaneous growing species (SGS); EG + RG + SGS + forage peanut (FP); and EG + RG + SGS + red clover (RC), in order to use the area in rotational grazing during the agricultural year. EG was planted in rows with a distance of 4m between each row. In the cool-season, RG was sowed between EG rows and FP was preserved on GS. The experimental design was completely randomized with three treatments (GS), two replicates (paddocks) and independent evaluations (grazing cycles

About the use of Longitudinal data Analysis in Forage Legumes Breeding: A Review

“…In addition, there was the identification of forage peanut ecotypes for use in mixed pastures in Brazilian Cerrado and genotypes with shorter establishment time and lower harvest frequencies (Assis et al, 2008;Ferreira et al, 2013;Simeão et al, 2017;Valentim et al, 2003). In evaluations of mixed pastures, forage peanut systems showed similar results to systems with white and red clover related to forage production, nutritive value and control of spontaneous species, demonstrating also potential for higher animal load on pasture in summer season in region South of Brazil (Diehl et al, 2013;Olivo et al, 2010;.…”

The utilization of tropical legumes to provide nitrogen to pastures: A review

“…In Brazil the amount of N supplied by FBN is around 7.3 Tg/ano -which is almost three times the amount produced by the industry (Cantarella, 2007). Diehl et al (2013) said that mixed systems with grasses and legumes provide a better utilization of the pastures all year round, presenting also more forage mass production and a higher stocking rate. Furthermore, areas that were cultivated with legumes have an effect on the next crops (Mesquita et al, 2015;Alves et al, 2016) as the legumes capture and release N into the system.…”

Nutritive value of elephant grass hay ammoniated by urea

“…In Brazil, the elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum Schum.) is a forage plant of important use in livestock feeding, both for its great dry mass production and for its longevity and nutritive value (DIEHL et al, 2013). However, like most tropical forages, it has low nutritional value when harvested at an advanced stage of maturity, and as forage is the main component of ruminant diets in Brazil, the low-quality forage might result in low animal productivity (DÍAZ et al, 2015).…”