Effects of a methanolic fraction of soybean seeds on the transcriptional activity of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR)

Abstract

Since the anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic and hypolipidemic effects of soy isoflavones may be mediated by activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR), the present study investigated whether the methanolic fractions obtained from soybean seeds (E1) and soybean seed coats with hypocotyls (E2) could influence PPARα, PPARγ and PPARβ/δ transcriptional activity. The isoflavones from E1 and E2 were quantified by HPLC analysis. E1 and E2 were rich in isoflavones (daidzin, glycitin, genistin, malonyldaidzin, malonylglycitin, malonylgenistin, daidzein, glycitein, and genistein). Moreover, E1 and E2 showed no evidence of genetically modified material containing the gene CP4 EPSPS. To investigate PPAR transcriptional activity, human promonocytic U-937 cells were treated with E1 and E2 (200, 400, 800, and 1600 μg/mL), positive controls or vehicle. Data are reported as fold-activation of the luciferase reporter driven by the PPAR-responsive element. Doseresponse analysis revealed that E1 and E2 induced the transcriptional activity of PPARα (P < 0.001), with activation comparable to that obtained with 0.1 mM bezafibrate (positive control) at 1600 μg/mL (4-fold) and 800 μg/mL (9-fold), respectively. In addition, dose-response analysis revealed that E1 and E2 activated PPARβ/δ (P < 0.05), and the activation at 800 μg/mL (4-and 9-fold, respectively) was comparable to that of 0.1 mM bezafibrate (positive control). However, no effect on PPARγ was observed. Activation of PPARα is consistent with the lipid-lowering activity of soy isoflavones in vivo, but further studies are needed to determine the physiological significance of PPARβ/δ activation.

The potential of natural products for targeting PPAR α

“…However, it is undoubted that several still unexplored natural sources of potential PPAR α modulators are available. Thus, the list reported in Table 175, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108, 109, 110, 111, 112 is should encourage natural product chemists to make efforts aimed at the detailed characterization of the active principle(s) responsible for the action of these extract.…”

Isoflavones and PPAR Signaling: A Critical Target in Cardiovascular, Metastatic, and Metabolic Disease

“…Other reports in defined cell systems have also reported selective activation of one PPAR isoform and not the other. For example, methanolic (IF) extracts from soybean seeds stimulated transcriptional activity of PPAR α , but not PPAR γ , genes in monocyte U937 cells [78]. As the above discussion suggests, a detailed understanding of how isoflavones activate PPAR α or PPAR γ is lacking.…”

Protection of Dayak Onion Tuber Extract (Eleutherine Palmifolia) Against Kidney Histopathological Appearence of Albino Male Rat Strain Wistar which was Induced by Alloxan

“…This suggests that the renal cell constituent cells can be damaged when alloxan is induced, since alloxan is an unstable and selectively toxic hydrophilic compound to the liver and kidneys. [18] In the treatment group P1, P2 and P3 infiltrate of inflammatory cells in the interstitial tubules were not significantly different but there was an increase in the number of inflammatory cells, indicating that inflammation (an inflammatory reaction) is an important mechanism for defending from harm, such as pathogenic agents, dead or damaged cells, or irritation, so that inflammation is a protective effort by the body to capture harmful stimuli and to initiate the healing process. [19] VMIC 2017…”