O que são campos rupestres e campos de altitude nos topos de montanha do leste do Brasil?

Vasconcelos, Marcelo Ferreira de

doi:10.1590/s0100-84042011000200012

Cited by 111 publications

(100 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…As espécies campestres com este tipo de distribuição geográfica possivelmente toleram tanto uma maior estacionalidade climática, quanto temperaturas mínimas mais acentuadas e a ocorrência de geadas nas áreas de altitude austrais na região Sudeste (Alves et al 2007;Vasconcelos 2011). Algumas espécies florestais frequentes em formações altimontanas da Região Sul e da Serra Mantiqueira, como Drimys brasiliensis, Pimenta pseudocaryophyllus, Rhamnus shpaerosperma e Roupala rhombifolia, também possuem populações em fragmentos florestais na Cadeia do Espinhaço e na Chapada Diamantina, alcançando as vezes o Maciço Goiano (Kamino et al 2008;Nascimento et al 2010).…”

Section: Distribuição Geográficaunclassified

Composição florística da vegetação altimontana do distrito de Monte Verde (Camanducaia, MG), Serra da Mantiqueira Meridional, Sudeste do Brasil

2014

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A Serra da Mantiqueira apresenta um mosaico de formações vegetacionais composto por florestas altimontanas, florestas de araucária, campos de altitude e afloramentos rochosos. Realizamos um levantamento florístico nas formações altimontanas do distrito de Monte Verde, Camanducaia, MG, Sudeste do Brasil, para quantificarmos a riqueza específica de cada formação e analisarmos a distribuição geográfica das espécies. Foram coletadas 499 espécies, distribuídas entre 97 famílias e 285 gêneros. As famílias com maior riqueza específica foram Asteraceae (77 espécies), Melastomataceae e Orchidaceae (25), Myrtaceae (24), Solanaceae (23), Cyperaceae e Fabaceae (22), e Rubiaceae (18). Os gêneros mais ricos foram Baccharis (16 espécies), Solanum (15), Leandra (10), Myrceugenia (9), Tibouchina (8) e Myrcia (7). Registramos a ocorrência de três espécies recém-descritas e cinco novos registros para o estado de Minas Gerais. Cerca de 60 espécies são exclusivas do Sudeste brasileiro, enquanto 124 ocorrem também na região Sul. A presença de espécies endêmicas e com distribuição geográfica restrita destaca a influência da Serra da Mantiqueira na distribuição de espécies vegetais no Domínio da Floresta Atlântica. Palavras-chave: floresta atlântica, florestas altimontanas, florestas de araucária, campos de altitude, afloramentos rochosos. AbstractThe Serra da Mantiqueira mountain range harbors a mosaic of high-mountain vegetation composed of upper montane forests, Araucária forests, high-altitude grasslands and rocky outcrops. A floristic survey was carried out in the upper montane formations of Monte Verde district, Camanducaia, in the State of Minas Gerais, southeastern Brazil, to quantify the richness of each formation, and analyze the geographic distribution of species. A total of 499 species was collected, distributed among 97 families and 285 genera. The richest families were Asteraceae (77 species), Melastomataceae and Orchidaceae (25), Myrtaceae (24), Orchidaceae (23), Solanaceae (23), Cyperaceae and Fabaceae (22), and Rubiaceae (18). The richest genera were Baccharis (16 species), Solanum (15), Leandra (10), Myrceugenia (9), Tibouchina (8), and Myrcia (7). The occurrence of three newly described species and five new records for Minas Gerais state were observed. About 60 species occur only in the southeast of Brazil, while 124 also occur in the southern region of Brazil. The occurrence of endemic species and species with narrow geographic distribution showed the influence of the Serra da Mantiqueira mountain chain on the distribution of plant species in the Atlantic Forest Domain.

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Section: Distribuição Geográficaunclassified

Composição florística da vegetação altimontana do distrito de Monte Verde (Camanducaia, MG), Serra da Mantiqueira Meridional, Sudeste do Brasil

2014

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“…Historically, Brazilian mountaintop vegetation with prevalent herbaceous and subshrub cover overlying outcrops and litholic soils was called campos alpinos (alpine fields) by (Sampaio, 1938). Subsequent authors called them "savanas de altitude" (altitudinal savannas), "campos de altitude" (altitudinal fields -for a definition see Vasconcellos, 2011), "campos quartzíticos" (quartzitic fields -tentatively circumscribed by Rizzini, 1979), "campo sujo" (dirty fields), "campo limpo" (clean fields), "campo úmido" (humid fields), "cerrado rupestre" (rupestrian fields), "carrasco" etc. Most of the aforementioned terms have not been circumscribed in detail, neither floristically nor physiognomically.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circumscribing campo rupestre – megadiverse Brazilian rocky montane savanas

et al. 2014

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Currently campo rupestre (CR) is a name accepted and used internationally by botanists, zoologists, and other naturalists, usually applied to a very specific ecosystem, despite the lack of a consensual published circumscription. We present a tentative geographic circumscription of the term, combining data on climate, geology, geomorphology, soil, flora, fauna and vegetation. The circumscription of campo rupestre proposed herein is based on the following premises:(1) the classification of vegetation is not an exact science, and it is difficult to attain a high degree of consensus to the circumscription of vegetation names; (2) despite this, vegetation classification is useful for conservation and management. It is thus desirable to circumscribe vegetation types with the greatest attainable precision; (3) there is a need to preserve all montane and rocky vegetation types, regardless of classification, biome, etc; (4) the CRs are formed by a complex mosaic of vegetation types including rock-dwelling, psammophilous, aquatic, epiphytic, and penumbral plant communities. Campos rupestres stricto sensu are a Neotropical, azonal vegetation complex endemic to Brazil, forming a mosaic of rocky mountaintop "archipelagos" inserted within a matrix of zonal vegetation, mainly in the Cerrado and Caatinga provinces of the Brazilian Shield (southeastern, northeastern and central-western regions), occurring mainly above 900 m asl. up to altitudes exceeding 2000 m, having measured annual precipitation between 800 and 1500 mm, and an arid season of two to five months.Keywords: rocky savana, montane savana, rock-dwelling vegetation, biogeographic elements, vegetation classification, Neotropics. Circunscrevendo campo rupestre -savanas montanas rochosas megadiversas do Brasil ResumoAtualmente campo rupestre (CR) é um termo aceito e internacionalmente usado por botânicos, zoólogos e outros naturalistas, geralmente aplicado a um ecossistema muito específico apesar de não haver uma circunscrição de consenso. Nós apresentamos uma ciscunscrição geográfica tentativa do termo, combinando dados de clima, geologia, geomorfologia, solo, flora, fauna e vegetação. A circunscrição de campo rupestre aqui proposta se baseia nas seguintes premissas: (1) a classificação da vegetação não é uma ciência exata e é difícil atingir um alto grau de consenso sobre a circunscrição de nomes de vegetação; (2) apesar disto, a classificação da vegetação é útil para conservação e manejo. Assim é desejável descrever os tipos de vegetação com a maior precisão tangível; exista a necessidade de se preservar todos os tipos de vegetação montanos e rochosos, independentemente de sua classificação, bioma, etc. (4) os CRs são formados por um complexo mosaico de tipos de vegetação incluindo comunidades sobre rocha, psamíóilas, aquáticas, epífitas e penumbrais. Os campos rupestres stricto sensu são um complexo de vegetação endêmico ao Brasil, azonal, Neotropical, inserido numa matriz de vegetação zonal, sobretudo nas províncias do Cerrado e da Caatinga do Escudo do Bra...

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“…(e.g. Rizzini 1979, Ferri 1980, Veloso et al 1991, IBGE 1992, Martinelli 1996, Safford 1999a, b, Tramujas 2000, Roderjan et al 2002, Caiafa & Silva 2005, Garcia & Pirani, 2005, Ribeiro et al 2007, Mocochinski & Scheer 2008, IBGE 2012, Vasconcelos 2011, Scheer et al 2011a, 2013a, b, 2014, Meireles et al 2014, Alves et al 2014, Tinti et al 2015.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Quite often, the term "campos rupestres" (rocky outcrop vegetation or rupestrian grasslands) is used by some authors to the vegetation which predominantly occurs on very shallow soils on quartzite and sandstone rocks (among others), usually at montane and upper montane levels (Ferri 1980, Vasconcelos 2011. Despite having similar physiognomy and sharing some taxa, the rock fields and "high-altitude graslands" should be treated as distinct based upon differences in geological substrates, plant species composition, climatic and phytogeographic domains (Vasconcelos 2011, Alves et al 2014.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite having similar physiognomy and sharing some taxa, the rock fields and "high-altitude graslands" should be treated as distinct based upon differences in geological substrates, plant species composition, climatic and phytogeographic domains (Vasconcelos 2011, Alves et al 2014. However, regarding the term "montane and upper montane rupicolous/rupestrian vegetation" could also be attributed to the transitional sites with incipient substrates and/or the primary succession colonizing rock outcrops close to the upper montane grasslands of Serra do Mar (Coastal Mountain Range).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Upper montane grassland structure within six subranges of Serra do Mar, Southern Brazil

Scheer

Mocochinski

2016

Hoehnea

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-(Upper montane grassland structure within six subranges of Serra do Mar, Southern Brazil). The phytosociological structure of upper montane grasslands (high altitude grasslands) was studied in six subranges of Serra do Mar. Throughout 324 (1 m 2 ) plot samples, we identified 195 taxa out of 280 taxa previously found in a floristic survey. Besides the general analysis of these communities, five physiognomies (synusiae) of these grasslands were previously determined based upon the species with greater cover. Cryptangium triquetrum and Croton mullerianus had the highest phytosociological importance value among the upper montane grasslands sampled in the present study. The first species was the most important of the grassy physiognomy of all sampled subranges and the second one of the shrubby physiognomy within three subranges. Chusquea pinifolia, Machaerina austrobrasiliensis, Deschampsia caespitosa, Gleichenella pectitata, Tibouchina dubia, Xyris stenophylla, Eryngium koehnearum and Eriochrysis holcoides were also structurally important. Although considerable species richness has been observed, the dominance of one or few species in the community was common in all subranges and physiognomies. In a brief comparison with upper montane vegetation studies (mainly on rocky outcrops) carried out in Southeastern Brazil, a low sharing of species was verified. Furthermore, the scarcity of studies in the literature regarding floristic and sociological structure of upper montane grasslands hampers a deeper analysis at level of species.

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O que são campos rupestres e campos de altitude nos topos de montanha do leste do Brasil?

Cited by 111 publications

References 13 publications

Composição florística da vegetação altimontana do distrito de Monte Verde (Camanducaia, MG), Serra da Mantiqueira Meridional, Sudeste do Brasil

Composição florística da vegetação altimontana do distrito de Monte Verde (Camanducaia, MG), Serra da Mantiqueira Meridional, Sudeste do Brasil

Circumscribing campo rupestre – megadiverse Brazilian rocky montane savanas

Upper montane grassland structure within six subranges of Serra do Mar, Southern Brazil

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