S-metolachlor efficacy on the control of Brachiaria decumbens, Digitaria horizontalis, and Panicum maximum in mechanically green harvested sugarcane

Abstract

-The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of S-metolachlor applied in pre-emergence conditions for the control of Brachiaria decumbens, Digitaria horizontalis, and Panicum maximum in sugar cane mechanically harvested without previous burning of the crop (green harvest) with the crop residue either left or not on the soil surface. The experiments were established in the field according to a randomized complete block design with four repetitions in a 7 x 2 split-plot scheme. In the plots, five herbicide treatments were studied (S-metolachlor at 1.44, 1.92, and 2.40 kg ha , and isoxaflutole at 0.188 kg ha -1 ), and two control treatments with no herbicide application. In the subplots, the presence or absence of sugar cane crop residue on the soil surface was evaluated. S-metolachlor efficacy was not hampered by either 14 or 20 t ha -1 of sugar cane crop residue on the soil surface. When sugar cane crop residue was covering the soil surface, S-metolachlor at a rate of 1.44 kg ha -1 resulted in weed control similar at their larger rates, where as without the presence of crop residue, S-metolachlor controlled B. decumbens, D. horizontalis, and P. maximum at the rates of 1.92, 1.44, and 1.92 kg ha -1 , respectively. The herbicides clomazone and isoxaflutole were effective for the studied species, independently of the crop residue covering the soil surface. S-metolachlor caused no visible injury symptoms to the sugar cane plant. Clomazone and isoxaflutole caused visible injuries to the sugar cane plant. None of the herbicides negatively affected the number of viable culms m 2 or the culm height and diameter.Keywords: signal grass, crabgrass, guinea grass, crop residue. RESUMO -Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar o controle em pré-emergência de

Response of Energycane to Preemergence and Postemergence Herbicides

“…Mesotrione is also labeled for use in the spring as a POST treatment in sugarcane. Although S-metolachlor is labeled for use in sugarcane in other countries, such as Brazil and Australia (Correia et al 2012), it is not so labeled in the United States, and the results of this study suggested that energycane was tolerant to that herbicide. Diuron applied at 13 and 23 rates did not injure energycane at 28 DAT; however, the injury observed at 56 DAT at 23 rate was enough to reduce biomass production (Table 2).…”

“…There are several herbicides, including 2,4-D amine, asulam, atrazine, carfentrazone, clomazone, dicamba, diuron, flumioxazin, halosulfuron, hexazinone, mesotrione, metribuzin, pendimethalin, Smetolachlor, and trifloxysulfuron, currently used in conventional sugarcane (Bhullar et al 2012;Correia et al 2012;Dalley and Richard 2008;Judice et al 2006;Richard and Dalley 2006), which can potentially be used in energycane if there is acceptable crop tolerance. Because differential tolerance and sensitivity of other crops, such as corn (Zea mays L.), to herbicides have been reported (Diebold et al 2004;Green 1998;Grey et al 2000;O'Sullivan and Sikkema 2002;Widstrom and Dowler 1995;Williams et al 2005), energycane tolerance to sugarcane herbicides needs to be evaluated to provide potential growers with options for selective weed control if planted hectares increase in the future in the southeast United States.…”

Controle de capim-amargoso após a aplicação de herbicidas em pré- emergência em solo com níveis crescentes de palhada de soja e milho

“…Apresenta eficácia no controle de plantas daninhas (Brachiaria decumbens, Digitaria horizontalis e Panicum maximum) quando aplicado 1440 g ha -1 (Dual Gold, 960 g i.a. L -1 ) sobre 20 t ha -1 de palha proveniente da colheita de cana-de-açúcar (Correia et al, 2012).…”

Field dissipation of S-metolachlor in organic and mineral soils used for sugarcane production in Florida

“…Atrazine and mesotrione components of the premix have been used for several years in sugarcane in the United States, primarily to target broadleaf weeds (Shaner 2014). S-metolachlor has been used in sugarcane in countries such as Brazil and Australia for PRE control of many annual grasses and nutsedges (Correia et al 2012;Ross and Fillols 2017) but not in the United States before registration of the premix. The efficacy and duration of control of annual grasses, particularly fall panicum, in Florida sugarcane provided by S-metolachlor in the premix will depend on its dissipation and persistence in organic and mineral soils under field conditions.…”